Low-temperature densification of high-entropy (Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,Mo)C—Co composites with high hardness and high toughness
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In order to prepare high toughness (Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,Mo)C ceramics at low temperatures while maintaining high hardness, a liquid-phase sintering process combined with Co-based liquid-phase extrusion strategy was adopted in this study. The densification temperature can be lowered to 1350 °C, which is much lower than the solid-state sintering temperature (∼2000 °C) generally employed for high-entropy carbide ceramics. When sintered at 1550 °C and 30 MPa applied pressure, part of the Co-based liquid-phase was squeezed out of the graphite mold, such that only ∼3.21 vol% of Co remained in the high-entropy ceramic. Compared to the Co-free solid-state sintered (Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,Mo)C ceramics, prepared at 2000 °C and 35 MPa, the hardness was slightly decreased from 25.06±0.32 to 24.11±0.75 GPa, but the toughness was increased from 2.25±0.22 to 4.07±0.13 MPa·m 1/2 . This work provides a new strategy for low-temperature densification of high-entropy carbides with both high hardness and high toughness.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it