Granitic Mining Waste Feasibility for Liner Material Production
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work aims to characterize geotechnically and mechanically a granitic mine waste (MW), a clayey soil, and two mixtures of M:soil with 50% and 25% of (dry mass), looking to evaluate its feasibility for liner material production.Samples of MW, soil, M:soil(50:50%) M:soil(25:75%) were analysed in terms of specific gravity (GS), coarse and fine portions granulometry distributions, Atterberg limits (WL and WP), Normal Proctor compaction parameters (wopt and ρd,opt), oedometer compressibility test, consolidated undrained (CU) triaxial compression and hydraulic conductivity (k).MW showed finer granulometry, and higher plasticity than the soil, possibly showing filling properties for the mixtures, lower GS and ρd,opt indicating weight-reduction for a new liner material development.Furthermore, k values can reach the requirement for liner application of a minimum of 10 -9 m/s, although it needs more investigation on leachability capacity, cation exchange capacity and chemical compatibility in case addition of chemicals are needed for improving mixtures properties for liner material.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".