Structure, stability, and rheological properties of zirconia suspensions in the presence of nanocrystals: Effects of ionic strength
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are used as a stabilizing agent in water-based zirconia suspensions at high concentration. The effects of CNC and NaCl concentrations were studied on the stability, adsorption, zeta potential, size, and rheology of slurries. We characterized samples and visualized CNCs at the surface of solid particles by scanning electron microscopy. The results confirm that the adsorption capacity of CNC on the surface of zirconia particles increases as salt concentration increases and causes an increase in the viscoelastic properties and a denser structure on the surface of adsorbent. The presence of counter-ions from the added electrolyte shortens the range of electrostatic repulsion between CNC particles through screening its electrical double layer resulting in more adsorption of adsorbate on the zirconia surface and, thus, provides stabilization.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".