Sympathetic Responses to Isometric Handgrip Exercise in Women following Preeclamptic Pregnancies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Women who have had preeclamptic (PE) pregnancies are at increased risk for developing cardiovascular diseases later in life. One potential mechanism that may mediate this increased risk is sympathetic dysregulation. Indeed, there is evidence for elevated muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) both during and following PE pregnancies. Moreover, previously PE (PPE) women may demonstrate impaired MSNA responses during stress, although this has only been examined to a limited extent. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that MSNA responses to isometric hand grip exercise (HG) would be greater in PPE women (n=6, age 31±6 years, BMI 29±5 kg/m 2 , 17±4 months postpartum) compared with women who had a healthy pregnancy (HP; n=8, age 29±2, BMI 25±4 kg/m 2 , 14±4 months postpartum). MSNA (peroneal nerve microneurography), mean arterial pressure (MAP; finger photoplethysmography), and total peripheral resistance (TPR; MAP/cardiac output), were assessed at baseline, during a 2‐min HG protocol, and during 2‐min post‐exercise circulatory occlusion (PECO). As previously reported, baseline MSNA was higher in PPE than HP (22±7 vs 13±5 bursts/min, P=0.01). Baseline MAP was not different between PPE and HP (94±11 vs 89±9 mmHg, P=0.23), nor was TPR (13±3 vs 13±2 mmHg/L/min, P=0.63). During HG, MSNA was greater in PPE than HP (24±8 vs 16±6 bursts/min, P=0.03), whereas MAP was not different between PPE and HP (95±12 vs 95±11 mmHg, P=0.99), nor was TPR (13±3 vs 14±2 mmHg/L/min, P=0.39). During PECO, no differences were observed between PPE and HP women in MSNA (26±8 vs 18±6 bursts/min, P=0.08), MAP (93±12 vs 96±12 mmHg, P=0.70), or TPR (12±3 vs 15±2 mmHg/L/min, P=0.18). These findings indicate that PPE women demonstrate exaggerated MSNA during isometric HG exercise relative to HP women, although the role of the metaboreflex in mediating this effect, as assessed using PECO, remains unclear. Importantly, these data also demonstrate that young PPE women were able to buffer the deleterious cardiovascular outcomes of elevated MSNA such that MAP and TPR outcomes were similar to age‐matched HP women during all conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".