Symposia - Conferences - Oral Communications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Previous prospective studies suggested that elevated levels of circulating branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) were indicative of cardiometabolic disorder. However, adequate nutrition may also potentiate BCAA levels and possibly confer survival advantage in old age as for increased body mass index (obesity paradox). Objective: This prospective study aimed to elucidate these interrelationships and long-term survival in older adults. Methods: Fasting serum levels of BCAAs in 2997 older adults of the Hong Kong cohort were quantified using mass spectrometry and analyzed by regression for association with cardiometabolic disorders and variables. Associations were validated in over 5000 Finnish adults (NFBC66) profiled by proton-NMR. In the former, nutritional and dietary information were collected at baseline, and deaths were ascertained at 14-year follow-up. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to determine survival probability. Results: In both cohorts, fasting serum BCAA levels were incrementally associated with hypertension (HT) and/or diabetes (DM). The BCAA concentrations for non-HT (510.4 ± 80.5μL) vs. HT (533.6 ± 84.5μL) (p=7.31e-13), and for non-DM (513.2 ± 80.4μL) vs. DM (563.2 ± 86.0μL) (p=2.15e-27), were significantly different. This relationship was also observed in the NFBC66 cohort. Obesity and increased body mass index were the most significant determinants of BCAA levels among cardiometabolic variables assessed, whereas dietary and nutritional variables had modest effects. In the HK cohort, with each unit increase in BMI the BCAA was increased by 1.61% (p=5.21e-84), whereas obesity increased BCAA by 8.55% (p=8.59e-45). In the NFBC66, each unit increase in BMI led to an increase in BCAA by 0.56% (p=1.22e-99) and obesity increased BCAA by 5.55% (p=7.26e-45). HT and/or DM were associated with reduced survival. Importantly, above-median levels of BCAA in obese but not non-obese older adults were significantly associated with improved survival at long-term follow-up (p=0.03). Conclusion: Increased circulating BCAA levels are associated with HT, DM and obesity to varying extents. Improved survival associated with increased BCAA levels in obese older adults may partially explain the obesity paradox in old age.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".