Detecting the phylogenetic signal of glacial refugia in a bryodiversity hotspot outside the tropics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Introduction Glacial refugia have likely been important in shaping diversity gradients outside the tropics. Many taxa that have high extratropical diversity in the present day, such as mosses, may have persisted in glacial refugia. However, the biogeographical histories of most species within refugia remain unclear. Location Haida Gwaii archipelago, north‐west coast of British Columbia, Canada. Taxa Bryophyta (mosses). Methods We reconstructed the regional phylogeny of the mosses of Haida Gwaii, a putative glacial refugium and ‘hotspot’ of moss diversity, and used phylogenetic comparative methods to examine the macroecological imprint of glacial refugia on the geographic range structure and phylogenetic attributes of present‐day moss assemblages. Results We found that many mosses have widespread, but disjunct, distributions, with few close relatives on the islands. We suggest that these features reflect the imprint of glacial history, whereby species within refugia represent isolated populations of previously more widespread species that may have diversified elsewhere. We also observed evidence for phylogenetic overdispersion of species within high‐elevation habitats, which best match the climatic regime of the historical glacial refugium. Our results are consistent with the filtering of evolutionarily distinct glacial relicts within these habitats, which contrasts markedly with the patterns of phylogenetic clustering observed across other non‐refugial habitat types. Main conclusions The islands of Haida Gwaii represent an extratropical hotspot of bryophyte diversity. Our study illustrates how the present‐day phylogenetic structure of mosses on Haida Gwaii may have been shaped by glacial history, and highlights the importance of glacial refugia in maintaining extratropical moss diversity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".