Paleogene syn-collisional leucogranite with rutile exsolution in garnet, southern Tibet
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Gangdese arc magmatism was active in response to the Mesozoic subduction of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic lithosphere and the Cenozoic collision between the Indian and Asian continents. The Paleocene Gangdese batholith in southern Tibet is intruded by several voluminous peraluminous leucogranites, with the origin of these leucogranites remaining controversial. In this study, we investigate a small garnet-bearing leucogranite intrusion in the Nyingchi Complex that represents the exposed lower crust of the Lhasa Terrane and underwent multi-stages of amphibolite- to granulite-facies metamorphism since the Cretaceous. Bulk-rock mineralogy and geochemistry display S-type granite signatures, indicating its anatexic origin. The center of the ~300 m-wide pluton contains abundant garnet in a perthite-quartz matrix. The garnets, from core to rim, display stepwise concentrations of major and rare earth elements, indicating multiple stages of growth. The cores are featured by three groups of oriented needles of rutile, which are regarded as products of exsolution due to rapid decompression or cooling and have been found almost exclusively in extreme temperature and/or pressure conditions. The Ti-in-rutile temperatures range from 900 to 850 oC, consistent with the temperatures derived from the ternary feldspar thermometer. These rutile-rich garnet cores were likely seeded from the lower crustal resitites and incorporated in an upwelling of hot mantle-derived magma. The peritectic garnet mantle continued to grow in the melt at 800-650 oC, as suggested by the Zircon saturation temperature and the Ti-in-zircon thermometer. The diffusion profiles between the Ti-rich core and mantle yield a short ~25 kyr duration of cooling from 870 °C to 700 °C, when the leucogranite magma migrated and emplaced. Zircons from the granite show complex textures; most of the cores and magmatic mantles yield U-Pb ages between 60 and 50 Ma, suggesting a syn-collisional origin of the melt. We speculate that the Paleogene slab roll-back and slab break-off would have resulted in enhanced asthenospheric corner flow and upwells, supplying a long-lived heat source for coeval crustal anatexis and metamorphism in southern Lhasa during the early phase of continental collision.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".