Bibliographic record
Abstract
The entanglement entropy (EE) encodes key properties of quantum many-body systems. It is usually calculated for subregions of finite volume (or area in 2D). Here, we study the EE of skeletal regions that have no volume, such as a line in 2D. We show that skeletal entanglement displays new behavior compared with its bulk counterpart, and leads to distinct universal quantities. We provide nonperturbative bounds for the skeletal area-law coefficient of a large family of quantum states. We then explore skeletal scaling for the toric code, conformal bosons and Dirac fermions, Lifshitz critical points, and Fermi liquids. We discover signatures including skeletal topological EE, novel corner terms, and strict area-law scaling for metals. These findings suggest that skeletal entropy serves as a measure for the range of entanglement. Finally, we outline open questions relating to other systems and measures such as the logarithmic negativity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".