A Residual-Fitting Modeling Method for Digital Predistortion of Broadband Power Amplifiers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This letter proposes a residual-fitting modeling method for digital predistortion (DPD) of broadband power amplifiers (PAs), and then constructs a residual-fitting model. To avoid directly modeling strong nonlinearity and memory effect, the model is split into a conversion, fitting, and recovery module. In this way, the nonlinearity and memory effect of the output signal of PAs are reduced after the conversion module, and then the fitting module models the converted signal, finally the behavioral characteristics of PAs are recovered by the recovery module. In the experimental test, a 100 MHz orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal is used as input signal of a Doherty PA. The experimental results show that compared with the existing augmented real-valued time-delay neural network (ARVTDNN), the proposed residual-fitting memory polynomial-ARVTDNN (MP-ARVTDNN) model with much fewer coefficients lowers normalized mean square error (NMSE) and adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".