Novel nest tree selection by a deciduous forest New World warbler
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Cerulean Warbler (Setophaga cerulea), a Neotropical migrant passerine, inhabits deciduous forests across the eastern and midwestern United States and Canada. Within this broad geographic distribution, Cerulean Warbler populations select specific tree species for nest placement and are known to use a variety of deciduous tree species depending on the population. In southern Indiana, Cerulean Warblers typically nest in white oak (Quercus alba), but we have documented 19 tree species used, all of which are deciduous species. During 2018 and 2019, we discovered 2 instances of Cerulean Warblers nesting in pine trees (Pinaceae) in southern Indiana. Our observations suggest that Cerulean Warblers may in some instances select atypical nest sites as long as specific microhabitat characteristics are present at the nest location.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".