A Tri-Electrode Configuration for Zinc-Air Batteries Using Poly(acrylic acid) to Enhance Cycling Performance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Zinc–air batteries (ZABs), which employ oxygen from air for the reduction reaction or discharging, have several benefits, such as high energy density, operational safety, environmental compatibility and low cost. Primary ZABs are a mature technology; however, rechargeable battery design and structure need to be optimized to achieve better cycle life. Two different configurations for a tri-electrode, rechargeable battery with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) have been developed in this work; i.e., a planar cell and a sandwich cell. Charge-discharge cycling tests at 5 mA-cm –2 show that the sandwich cell is more suitable for ZABs than the planar cell. Various additives for the PAA, such as cross linking agents and ZnO, have also been evaluated using the tri-electrode design. The addition of ZnO to the oxygen reduction reaction side of the battery enhances the cycling performance of ZABs, i.e., the battery can withstand at least 100 cycles at 5 mA cm –2 with initial efficiency of 62%.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".