Forty-Fifth Supplement to the American Ornithologists’ Union Check-List of North American Birds

This is the fourth Supplement since publication of the 7th edition of the Check-list of North American Birds (American Ornithologists' Union [AOU] 1998). It summarizes decisions made by the AOU's Committee on Classification and Nomenclature between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2003. The Committee has continued to operate in the manner outlined in the 42nd Supplement (AOU 2000) but is now publishing Supplements annually so that changes accepted by the Committee may be publicized more quickly. Changes in this Supplement fall into the following categories: (1) two species are added to the list because of splitting of species previously on the list (Branta hutchinsii, Geotrygon leucometopia); (2) five species are added to the list or are moved from the Appendix to the main list because of new distributional information (Pterodroma macroptera, Charadrius leschenaultii, Phylloscopus trochilus, Sylvia curruca, Muscicapa striata); (3) two species replace others currently on the list because of splitting from extralimital forms (Myrmotherula ignota, Motacilla tschutschensis); (4) seven English names are changed without change in the scientific name (Lesser SandPlover, Spoon-billed Sandpiper, Gray-fronted QuailDove, Gray Nightjar, Yucatan Woodpecker, Darksided Flycatcher, Gray-streaked Flycatcher); (5) two species are added to Part 1 of the Appendix (Luscinia sibilans, Monticola solitarius); and (6) spelling changes are made in the endings of 28 species names to bring them into conformity with the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (see David and Gosselin 2002b). In addition, several minor changes are made to correct citations of generic names or other errors. Most changes of English names are for Old World species that are vagrant or accidental in our area and for which the names we have been using differ from English names generally used in regional works covering those species' normal ranges (e.g., Brazil 1991, Inskipp et al. 1996, King 1997, Kennedy et al. 2000) One change (Gray-fronted Quail-Dove) is necessitated by the splitting of a species, and the other (Yucatan Woodpecker) is made to conform to usage by most authors in North America. The changes in spelling of the specific names reflect new determination of the gender of generic names (David and Gosselin 2002b) and are to cause gender agreement of specific with generic names; some affect names of extralimital species mentioned only in Notes for species on our list. The additions to the main list bring the number of species recognized as occurring in the Check-list area (main list) to 2,038. Literature that provides the basis for the Committee's decisions is cited at the end of the Supplement, and citations not already in the Literature Cited of the 7th edition (with Supplements) become additions to it. An updated list of the bird species known from the AOU Check-list area may be accessed at http://www.AOU.org/aou/birdlist.html. pp. xvii-liv. In the list of bird species known from the Check-list area, change 2,031 (from 44th Supplement) to 2,038. In the list, insert the following species in the proper position as indicated by the text of this Supplement: Pterodroma macroptera Great-winged Petrel. (A) Branta hutchinsii Cackling Goose. Charadrius leschenaultii Greater Sand-Plover. (A) Geotrygon leucometopia White-fronted Quail-Dove. Myrmotherula ignota Moustached Antwren. Phylloscopus trochilus Willow Warbler. (A) Sylvia curruca Lesser Whitethroat. (A) Muscicapa striata Spotted Flycatcher. (A) Motacilla tschutschensis Eastern Yellow Wagtail. Remove the following names: Myrmotherula brachyura Pygmy Antwren. Motacilla flava Yellow Wagtail. Change the following English names: Charadrius mongolus Lesser Sand-Plover. Eurynorhynchus pygmeus Spoon-billed Sandpiper. Geotrygon caniceps Gray-fronted Quail-Dove. Caprimulgus indicus Gray Nightjar. Melanerpes pygmaeus Yucatan Woodpecker. Muscicapa sibirica Dark-sided Flycatcher. Muscicapa griseisticta Gray-streaked Flycatcher. Make the following spelling changes: Butorides striatus to Butorides striata Leucopternis plumbea to Leucopternis plumbeus Leucopternis semiplumbea to Leucopternis semiplumbeus Lagopus mutus to Lagopus muta Lagopus leucurus to Lagopus leucura Actitis macularia to Actitis macularius Ara severa to Ara severus Ara ambigua to Ara ambiguus Touit dilectissima to Touit dilectissimus Siphonorhis americanus to Siphonorhis americana Glaucis aenea to Glaucis aeneus Glaucis hirsuta to Glaucis hirsutus Lophornis brachylopha to Lophornis brachylophus Lampornis calolaema to Lampornis calolaemus Ceryle torquata to Ceryle torquatus Philydor fuscipennis to Philydor fuscipenne Philydor rufus to Philydor rufum Machetornis rixosus to Machetornis rixosa Conopias albovittata to Conopias albovittatus Schiffornis turdinus to Schiffornis turdina Procnias tricarunculata to Procnias tricarunculatus Delichon urbica to Delichon urbicum Saxicola torquata to Saxicola torquatus Helmitheros vermivorus to Helmitheros vermivorum Tiaris canora to Tiaris canorus Tiaris olivacea to Tiaris olivaceus Melozone biarcuatum to Melozone biarcuata Dives atroviolacea to Dives atroviolaceus Rearrange the sequence of species of Branta as follows: Branta bernicla Branta leucopsis Branta hutchinsii Branta canadensis Branta sandvicensis Make the following changes in annotations to species in the list: Add (N) after Pterodroma phaeopygia Galapagos Petrel, which was changed from Dark-rumped Petrel in the 43rd Supplement (Banks et al. 2002:898); Remove (H) from Bulweria bulwerii, now known also from North Carolina (Banks et al. 2002:898); Add (H, A) after Milvus migrans Black Kite, which was added to the list in the 42nd Supplement (AOU 2000:849); For Gracula religiosa, change (H, I) to (I); Add (A) after Emberiza elegans Yellow-throated Bunting, which was added to the list in the 42nd Supplement (AOU 2000:853). p. 13. Pterodroma macroptera is added to the list, and to the list of birds known to occur in the United States, on the basis of a documented record from California. Before the account for Pterodroma neglecta, insert: Pterodroma macroptera (Smith). Great-winged Petrel. Procellaria macroptera A. Smith, 1840, Illus. Zool. South Africa, Aves, pl. 52. (Cape seas.) Pelagic waters; nests on islands in burrows, scrapes, or crevices of rocks, under vegetation. Breeds on islands in the southern Atlantic and Indian, and southwestern Pacific, oceans on Tristan da Cunha, Gough, Prince Edward Islands, Crozet Islands, and Kerguelen Islands, islets off the south coast of western Australia, and on offshore islets and headlands of North Island, New Zealand. Ranges at sea in southeastern Atlantic and southern Indian, and southwestern Pacific, oceans between about 25° and 50° S. Casual to southwestern Atlantic off Cape Horn. Accidental off central California (videotaped and photographed at Cordell Bank, off Marin County, 21 July and 24 August, 1996 [NAS Field Notes 51: 114, 1997; Rottenborn and Morlan 2000]; another photographed at Monterey Bay, 18 October 1998 [North Amer. Birds 53(1): 99, cover, 1999; Rogers and Jaramillo 2002]). Both California birds showed features consistent with P. m. gouldi, the subspecies that breeds in New Zealand. p. 13. In the account for Pterodroma neglecta, after the citation of the Hawaiian Islands record in the second paragraph, remove “and Pennsylvania (Heintzelman 1961, now considered definite as to species identification).” Add to the Notes: Identification of a bird photographed and filmed on Hawk Mountain, Pennsylvania, 3 October 1959 (Heintzelman 1961) is no longer considered definitive after further consideration (Hess 1997). p. 32. In the citation for Phalacrocorax penicillatus, change M. Brandt to J. F. Brandt, following Dickinson (2003). p. 44. Throughout the account for Bubulcus ibis, change coromanda to coromandus. p. 45. Change Butorides striatus to Butorides striata (in both heading and Notes); the generic name is feminine (fide David and Gosselin 2002b). p. 58. In the heading and citation for Chen canagica, change the spelling of the author's name to Sewastianoff. Change the type locality of that species to: (l’Isle Canaga ou Kyktak = Kodiak Island, Alaska, [Gibson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 115: 706–707, 2002]). pp. 59–60. Several genetic studies of geese, including recent work with mitochondrial DNA (van Wagner and Baker 1986, Shields and Wilson 1987, Quinn et al. 1991, Paxinos et al. 2002, Scribner et al. 2003) have verified previous suggestions based on differences in voice, nesting habits, habitat, and timing of migration, as well as in color and size (e.g. Brooks 1914, Aldrich 1946, Hellmayr and Conover 1948), that the forms treated as the single species Branta canadensis by all previous AOU Check-lists and most other works actually constitute at least two species, and further that each of the two species may be more closely related to another member of the genus than to each other. Thus, we divide B. canadensis by recognizing a set of smaller-bodied forms as the species B. hutchinsii, and rearrange our representatives of the genus in the sequence bernicla, leucopsis, hutchinsii, canadensis, sandvicensis. Additional analysis may result in further splitting. Move the accounts for Branta bernicla and B. leucopsis to a position directly below the heading and citations for the genus Branta. Under Branta leucopsis add the following: A study of mitochondrial DNA (Paxinos et al. 2002) has shown this species to be closely related to the group of small-bodied forms previously treated as subspecies of B. canadensis and here recognized as B. hutchinsii. Following the account for Branta leucopsis, insert the following new acount: Anser Hutchinsii Richardson, 1832, in Swainson and Richardson, Fauna Boreali-Americana 2, p. 470. (Melville Peninsula [Canada].) Near water on tundra; winters on inland lakes and marshes. Breeds locally on the Aleutian islands (where much reduced in 20th century with remnant populations on Buldir and Chagulak, at end of century populations restored on most of Near Islands and Amchitka), Semidi Islands (off Alaska Peninsula), formerly Bering Island and Kuriles; western and Alaska to and south to Bay, the Alaska and central and the coast of and from to Island, and western from south to to and western in Casual or accidental in and to the and the Atlantic coast of the United from to South treated as of B. canadensis but on the basis of studies in Notes under that The of this small-bodied that of the subspecies B. hutchinsii, and as recognized by Under the heading and citation for Branta canadensis the following Near from to tundra; winters from to inland lakes and in with of as and Breeds from central and southeastern Alaska and southern Island to western and southern Island in western south to southwestern South western southern Pennsylvania, and populations in the southern but have become Birds in south of and result from recent of and to a from populations from may occur in the United from the southern of the most of United and into and in southern and New Zealand. Accidental in Greater and the populations now as B. hutchinsii on the basis of genetic studies of geese, including recent work with mitochondrial DNA (van Wagner and Baker 1986, Shields and Wilson 1987, Quinn et al. 1991, Paxinos et al. 2002, Scribner et al. 2003) that suggestions (e.g., Brooks 1914, Aldrich 1946, Hellmayr and Conover that more than a single species is The of this that of the subspecies B. canadensis, and as recognized by p. Change Leucopternis plumbea to Leucopternis plumbeus in both heading and Notes to with the gender of the generic name (fide David and Gosselin 2002b). In the also change to Change Leucopternis semiplumbea to Leucopternis In the Notes for Leucopternis change to p. In the account for Lagopus change to p. Change Lagopus mutus to Lagopus Change Lagopus leucurus to Lagopus p. In Notes for change to and to p. Change the English name of Charadrius mongolus from to Lesser to with in Old World Add to the known as p. Charadrius leschenaultii is added to the list to the list of species known to occur in the on the basis of a documented record from California. the account for Charadrius insert: Charadrius leschenaultii Greater Charadrius p. Breeds in or water in and on and Breeds from central and locally to of in southern and and south to also in in formerly in and of nesting in and to of southern and Africa, the Peninsula and the the New and also on islands in the and of or to New southeastern and southern from to Casual in the United and western Africa, and Kerguelen Accidental in central California photographed and at Marin County, et al. p. Change Actitis macularia to Actitis macularius in the account for this species, and in the Notes for A. on p. p. Change the English name of Eurynorhynchus pygmeus from to Spoon-billed to with in Old World Add to the known as Sandpiper. p. In the citation for the genus change M. Brandt to J. F. Brandt Dickinson p. In the citation for the genus change M. Brandt to J. F. p. In the citation for the genus change M. Brandt to J. F. p. et al. in and populations currently as Geotrygon on the basis of recognized Change the English name for Geotrygon caniceps to Gray-fronted Quail-Dove. the following account for that in the of to (see and leucometopia of now on the basis of differences in and et al. known as a name now for the two forms The of Moustached (AOU as a name for this species is in Following the account for insert the following new Geotrygon leucometopia White-fronted Quail-Dove. Amer. of with on in the of the not known from et al. with but on the basis of differences in and et al. 2002) mentioned in the for as with caniceps by For the spelling of the specific David and Gosselin p. In Notes under change to p. Change Ara severa to Ara In text for Ara change ambigua to p. Change Ara ambigua to Ara p. Change Touit dilectissima to Touit Make this change also in the Notes under p. In the account for replace the of the Notes A record with from a bird in southern is of et al. p. Change Siphonorhis americanus to Siphonorhis americana in the heading and Make this change also in the Notes under S. p. Change the English name of Caprimulgus indicus from to Gray to with in Old World Change Notes to: known as Nightjar. p. Under change Notes to: known as or the name now generally to the species A. p. Change Glaucis aenea to Glaucis Change Glaucis hirsuta to Glaucis Make changes also in the Notes for p. Change Lophornis brachylopha to Lophornis brachylophus in both heading and p. Change Lampornis calolaema to Lampornis p. In Notes under Lampornis change calolaema to p. In Notes under change to p. In the citation for the change the of the type species from = Ceryle to = Ceryle the following after the citations for the is (e.g., and considered to be a The gender of the generic name Ceryle is the gender of is feminine (David and Gosselin 2002b). species names in gender with the generic Thus, is recognized as a specific names have a feminine (e.g., but is considered a of as following and the species names have endings (e.g., p. Change Ceryle torquata to Ceryle p. Change the English name of Melanerpes pygmaeus from to Yucatan to with in other (e.g., and and et al. Change the Notes to known as Woodpecker. Melanerpes pygmaeus and M. considered by are treated as a by and under M. p. Change Philydor fuscipennis to Philydor Make that change also in the text of the and change to and to in the and p. Change Philydor rufus to Philydor p. of of forms in the Pygmy and 2003) has shown that the Myrmotherula ignota group in and is with M. than closely related to M. the Notes under the in the the name ignota has and is the proper name of the species that in the Check-list replace the account for Myrmotherula brachyura with the following account for M. Myrmotherula ignota Moustached Antwren. Myrmotherula brachyura ignota Zool. in central and south western to and of the in southwestern and and on the basis of and that the M. ignota is from M. brachyura of which has been considered a and be considered with M. from This was previously by and and and used the name Antwren. p. In Notes of change to p. of a record of this species to the list of those known to occur in the United the end of the for that species, insert the following new Accidental in southern photographed and County, [NAS Field Notes and on County, Add to Notes under this known as et al. 1998). p. Change Machetornis rixosus to Machetornis p. Change Conopias albovittata to Conopias albovittatus in the heading and text of the change to in the p. Change Schiffornis turdinus to Schiffornis turdina in both heading and p. Change Procnias tricarunculata to Procnias p. The account for M. into that It is a with M. the of by and all of the the of Change the of M. to the of by with western and The previous citation of in the of is in and p. Change Delichon urbica to Delichon p. Phylloscopus trochilus is moved from the Appendix to the main list because of a record from It is also added to the list of species that occur in the United Before the account for Phylloscopus insert: Phylloscopus trochilus Willow Warbler. Motacilla trochilus p. to south of the by Birds and Breeds from the United and the to the in south to southern central and in central and southern from to in western to to in a also to western and central and to most from the but to Africa, the southern the and the Eastern populations of the of central on and on the Islands, to the and to and to the Cape Islands, and the islands in the southwestern Accidental in and and from Accidental in from with 18 and and in western Alaska least photographed at Island, The was as the subspecies P. and was treated as by AOU has since been to the P. trochilus A at Alaska, on and as this species to be of P. and p. Sylvia curruca is added to the list to the list of birds known to occur in the United on the basis of a record from the account for Phylloscopus insert: Sylvia Sylvia p. by Motacilla Sylvia curruca Lesser Whitethroat. Motacilla p. to by p. Breeds in for in from to Breeds from and the to about the and south to central and from and to western from central central and south to and and in central to from central and to southeastern and southern from southern to and in of and and from to Casual to and Africa, and to and Accidental not in Alaska Island, S. curruca S. S. and S. of this species from two subspecies to as as or et al. are differences between at least some of the the are further studies are et al. p. Change the English name of Muscicapa sibirica from to Dark-sided to with in Old World Add to Notes: known as Flycatcher. p. Change the English name of Muscicapa griseisticta from to to with in Old World Add to known as Flycatcher. p. Muscicapa striata is added to the list to the list of birds known to occur in the United on the basis of a record from the account for Muscicapa insert the following new Muscicapa striata Spotted Flycatcher. Motacilla striata in p. of Breeds from the United and to about and south to Africa, southern central western and and in Africa, from about south the of the south of the to and to the central and and the the western and (in central to Casual to the and the Cape and Accidental in Alaska Island, p. Change Saxicola torquata to Saxicola Make this change also in the and change S. to S. p. Several recent genetic studies 2002, et al. et al. 2003) that Motacilla flava two or more species, of which only in our we M. tschutschensis from others in the M. flava the following account for that of M. Motacilla tschutschensis Eastern Yellow Wagtail. Motacilla tschutschensis p. of Breeds in with of or in also of and in and of M. tschutschensis in Old World not here from that of of M. Breeds in North in and western Alaska to and and on the to the and to the and in the from the central and to the including in the Old World from and the to the Greater and in the Islands and southern western Alaska and the western the Islands, and in the Old World from to of to with forms of M. Casual in central and southern Alaska, central western and to this from and California treated as a of Motacilla flava but genetic and genetic between the flava group and which are not 2002, et al. et al. studies not other be considered with and may a further the account only tschutschensis and the following recognized by some and of with tschutschensis is but not affect Alaska or Eastern but the of Motacilla flava we of the as a group p. Change Helmitheros vermivorus to Helmitheros p. Change Tiaris canora to Tiaris p. Change Tiaris olivacea to Tiaris p. In the Notes under Melozone change M. biarcuatum to M. p. Change Melozone biarcuatum to Melozone biarcuata in both heading and p. Change Dives atroviolacea to Dives p. the account for Phylloscopus trochilus, moved to the main list. p. Before the account for insert: Proc. Zool. Soc. p. Identification of to be of this species photographed on Island, western Alaska, on Amer. Birds is not definitive et al. et al. p. after the account for Saxicola insert: Monticola p. = p. An of this species was photographed at about of in 1997). to be of the M. the is not the has been et al. The is the p. Change Ara to Ara and Ara to Ara pp. In the list of of North American insert the following species in the proper position as indicated by the text of this Supplement: Pterodroma macroptera Branta hutchinsii Charadrius leschenaultii Geotrygon leucometopia Myrmotherula ignota Phylloscopus trochilus Sylvia curruca Muscicapa striata Motacilla tschutschensis Monticola Remove the following names: Myrmotherula brachyura Motacilla flava Make the following spelling changes: Butorides striatus to Butorides striata Leucopternis plumbea to Leucopternis plumbeus Leucopternis semiplumbea to Leucopternis semiplumbeus Lagopus mutus to Lagopus muta Lagopus leucurus to Lagopus leucura Actitis macularia to Actitis macularius Ara severa to Ara severus Ara ambigua to Ara ambiguus Touit dilectissima to Touit dilectissimus Siphonorhis americanus to Siphonorhis americana Glaucis aenea to Glaucis aeneus Glaucis hirsuta to Glaucis hirsutus Lophornis brachylopha to Lophornis brachylophus Lampornis calolaema to Lampornis calolaemus Ceryle torquata to Ceryle torquatus Philydor fuscipennis to Philydor fuscipenne Philydor rufus to Philydor rufum Machetornis rixosus to Machetornis rixosa Conopias albovittata to Conopias albovittatus Schiffornis turdinus to Schiffornis turdina Procnias tricarunculata to Procnias tricarunculatus Delichon urbica to Delichon urbicum Saxicola torquata to Saxicola torquatus Helmitheros vermivorus to Helmitheros vermivorum Tiaris canora to Tiaris canorus Tiaris olivacea to Tiaris olivaceus Melozone biarcuatum to Melozone biarcuata Dives atroviolacea to Dives atroviolaceus Ara to Ara Ara to Ara Rearrange the sequence of species of Branta as follows: Branta bernicla Branta leucopsis Branta hutchinsii Branta canadensis Branta sandvicensis p. The citation to a by David and Gosselin added by the 44th Supplement be changed to considered since 1 January 2003 but not accepted by the Committee of the genus from of the genus from of into A. of Caprimulgus indicus into two of into of the genus from of from of New World species of into of with of into two or more of into of into two or of into to and of from from the to the main list on the basis of a from Island Amer. Birds was because and to the subspecies of the The of to the main list from the Appendix was because of that the birds on Island, et al. than are of other distributional that add species to our list but have not the to them considered but suggestions to change the English name of from to and to change English names of species of from to Gosselin as the Committee's for and David as the for to scientific P. M. J. J. M. S. and Scribner suggestions and

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