Social and Economic Life in Second Temple Judea By Samuel L.Adams. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 2014. Pp. xiii + 231; plates, map. Paper, $35.00.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This readily accessible and highly informative monograph will prove to be an invaluable resource for both students and scholars of the Second Temple period. The book is helpfully arranged by theme, addressing frequently under-discussed socioeconomic issues during this period in Judea. Adams begins with the familial unit, discussing social and financial aspects of the household including size, structure, marriage and divorce. His second chapter is a particularly important examination of the socio-economic status of women and children. Despite the paucity of explicit attention to these more marginalized figures in many sources, Adams employs incidental references to reconstruct their plausible lived experience, and his work is to be particularly commended for his attention to this. Topics such as inheritance, the roles of wives, daughters, and sons in the household and the status of widows are addressed. In the remaining three chapters Adams broadens his scope, examining occupations, borrowing and lending practices, taxation under a succession of foreign and domestic powers, and finally the varied ethical discourses of wealth and poverty in Wisdom and apocalyptic literature. He draws heavily on canonical material for his evidence, yet when applicable these are supplemented with a variety of other ancient literary and documentary sources. This examination of socioeconomics as both lived experience and a component of ethical instruction is further enhanced by Adam's thoughtful engagement with contemporary theories such as gender studies and postcolonialism. The work is highly recommended.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".