Experimental study of the performance of a vertical and a horizontal ground loops coupled to a ground source heat pump system
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The performance of vertical and horizontal ground loops coupled to a Ground-Source Heat Pump (GSHP) was investigated under four different scenarios. For this purpose, an experimental set-up was designed and constructed at the Archetype Sustainable houses in Vaughan, Ontario, Canada. In the first two tests, the two vertical ground loops coupled to the GSHP were tested in heating, and cooling modes. In heating mode, the GSHP COP ranged between 2.7 and 3.15. In cooling mode, the GSHP performed better than the heating mode with COP range of 3.75 and 5.4. In the last two tests, two scenarios were tested to compare the horizontal and the vertical ground loops in cooling mode. In the first scenario, the ground loop flow was divided equally between the loops and the GSHP overall COP was 5.42. The last test used equal Reynolds number in both loops and the GSHP overall COP was 5.36.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".