Physiologic specialization of<i>Puccinia graminis</i>on wheat, barley, and oat in Canada in 2000
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Stem rust is a devastating disease of cereal crops that is currently controlled, in Canada, primarily through the use of resistant cultivars. Annual surveys are conducted throughout Canada to monitor rust severity and obtain rust collections that are used to determine the virulence spectrum of each pathogen population. This is necessary for the detection of novel races that may express high virulence to currently grown cereal cultivars and to identify changes in virulence in the pathogen population. No stem rust was observed on cultivated spring wheat in 2000. Stem rust severity was light (<5%) on barley and oat in Manitoba, eastern Saskatchewan, and Ontario in 2000 and stem rust was not detected in other regions. Stem rust samples were collected from Hordeum jubatum, Avena fatua, and trap-plot nurseries and commercial fields of wheat, barley, and oat in Manitoba, eastern Saskatchewan, and Ontario from June to September 2000. Eight races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici were found in collections from wheat, 11 from cultivated barley, and 2 from wild barley, with RCRSK as the dominant race on all three hosts. However, a cluster of races (QCCJ_, RCCJ_, and RMCJ_) with virulence to cultivated barley composed 69.2% of the population in Manitoba and Saskatchewan and poses a threat to barley production in this region. Five races of P. graminis f. sp. avenae were found in collections from cultivated oat and six from wild oat. Races NA67 and NA29 were the most common on cultivated (52.2 and 30.4%, respectively) and wild (18.6 and 55.0%, respectively) oat, while NA76 increased in frequency (9.6%) in Manitoba and Saskatchewan in 2000. Races NA67 and NA76 are virulent to Pg2, Pg9, and Pg13, which are the resistance genes likely present in most currently grown Canadian oat cultivars, and threaten commercial oat production in this region.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".