Fifty:Fifty Offspring Sex Ratios in Savannah Sparrows (Passerculus Sandwichensis)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Over a 14 year period, we determined offspring sex ratios in a population of Savannah Sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis) breeding on Kent Island, an isolated 80 ha island in the Bay of Fundy, New Brunswick, Canada, based on morphological measurements of 318 independent juveniles and 361 returning adults of known parentage. The mean annual offspring sex ratio was exactly 1.00 (±0.23, range= 0.61–1.41, n = 14). In no year did offspring sex ratio deviate significantly from 50:50, regardless of the sex ratio of breeding adults. Offspring sex ratio did not vary as a function of the timing of breeding, maternal or paternal age, or parental mating status (monogamy vs. polygamy). Overall, our data provide strong support for 50:50 offspring sex ratios at the population level (Fisher 1930), but no support for the notion of adaptive modification of offspring sex ratios by individuals (Trivers and Willard 1973).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".