Nevirapine use to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nevirapine (NVP) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) that is used to treat adults and children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The drug was licensed in Canada in September 1998, and has been widely used in combination antiretroviral therapy regimens, usually along with two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. NVP is, generally, well tolerated; however, up to 20% of patients may develop a rash, with a severe rash occurring in 6% of patients, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome reported in 0.5% of patients. A large number of NNRTI mutations have been documented, and a single mutation, K103N, confers a degree of broad NNRTI resistance. Distinctions occur in resistance patterns to different NNRTIs (1). More recently, NVP has been used during pregnancy, both as a part of combination regimens to treat maternal HIV infection and for perinatal chemoprophylaxis to reduce mother-to-child transmission. The drug has several characteristics that make it attractive for use in perinatal HIV chemoprophylaxis. These characteristics include potent, rapid antiviral activity; rapid absorption across the gastrointestinal tract, placenta and blood brain barrier; a long half-life after a single dose (median 61 to 66 h in pregnant women and 45 to 64 h in infants); availability in both tablet and suspension formulations; and a relatively inexpensive cost.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".