Reproductive biology and evidence for water dispersal of teliospores in <i>Chrysomyxa weirii</i>, a microcyclic spruce needle rust
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chrysomyxa weirii (Uredinales) is the only autoecious, microcyclic species of Chrysomyxa occurring in North America. The telia form on second-year needles of spruce, causing premature needle loss. The morphology of the telia was studied in herbarium specimens from diverse locations, and the teliospore germination, nuclear condition, and reproductive biology of fresh collections were studied on microscope slides and on artificially and naturally infected host tissue using light and scanning electron microscopy. Basidiospore production was infrequent in mature sori, but teliospores dispersed readily in water and germinated to produce a two-celled basidium and two basidiospores. The two cells of the basidium could also separate to form two sporelike cells that could produce germ tubes, or the teliospore produced a long hyphalike promycelium. The type of germination was influenced by temperature. The ready dispersal of teliospores in water and their presence on the surface of current-year needles confirms that they function as diaspores. The distribution pattern of this rust and the elongated, smooth, thin-walled spores that are held rigidly together until wet suggest a water-dispersal mechanism. A cytological study showed that the vegetative hyphae are mostly monokaryotic. Dikaryotization and karyogamy occur in the cells at the base of the telium and result in teliospores with one large nucleus. During germination, the teliospore nucleus migrates into the basidium, where it divides once before a septum forms. A second nuclear division occurs in each cell during basidiospore formation. Both nuclei move into the basidiospore, and subsequently divide one or more times. The two-celled basidium, the fragmenting basidium and other unusual forms of germination, and teliospore dispersal have not been previously reported in the genus Chrysomyxa.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".