Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adult Masquerading as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA) is a slowly progressing subtype of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) that shares features of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), leading to its misdiagnosis and mismanagement. We present a case of a 30-year-old man who was diagnosed and managed as T2DM but later confirmed as a case of LADA. He was sent to the endocrinology clinic by his primary care physician for management of “uncontrolled T2DM”. He had been placed on glipizide and metformin, but was noted to have suboptimal blood glucose control and unintentional weight loss of about 20 - 30 lbs over a 3-month period. A diagnosis of LADA was confirmed by the presence of autoantibody to glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (anti-GAD-65 antibody). His oral medications were discontinued and he was started on basal and mealtime insulin. It is important to identify LADA in adult patients thought to have T2DM, as these patients respond poorly to oral hypoglycemic drug therapy, require insulin and are at increased risk for developing ketoacidosis. Clinical presentation of LADA is often similar to T2DM, with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) being uncommon complications. J Med Cases. 2015;6(7):327-329 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jmc2183w
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".