Neuroanatomy and Behaviour in Mice with a Haploinsufficiency of AT-Rich Interactive Domain 1B (ARID1B) Throughout Development
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background - One of the causal mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) is chromatin modification, and the genes that regulate chromatin. AT-Rich Interactive Domain 1B (ARID1B) , a chromatin modifier, has been shown to be reduced in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to affect rare and inherited genetic variation in a broad set of NDDs. Methods - A novel preclinical mouse model of Arid1b deficiency was created validated to characterize and define neuroanatomical, behavioural and transcriptional phenotypes. Neuroanatomy was assess ex vivo in adult animals and in vivo longitudinally from birth to adulthood. Behavioural testing was also performed throughout development and tested all aspects of motor, learning, sociability, repetitive behaviours, seizure susceptibility and general milestones.Results - Brains of adult Arid1b+/- mice had a smaller cerebellum and a larger hippocampus and corpus callosum. These results stand in contrast to previously reported data highlighting losses in corpus callosum volume. In addition, a striking sex dependence was observed throughout development; males had an early emergence of this neuroanatomical phenotype at postnatal day 7, whereas females had a delayed emergence around postnatal day 40. Behaviourally, during neonatal development, Arid1b+/- mice exhibited robust impairments in ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) and metrics of developmental growth. As adults, Arid1b+/- mice showed low motor skills in open field exploration and normal three chambered approach. Arid1b+/- mice had learning and memory deficits in novel object recognition but not in visual discrimination and reversal touchscreen tasks. Social interactions in the male-female social dyad with USVs revealed social deficits on some but not all parameters. No repetitive behaviours were observed. Limitations – The behaviour and the neuroimaging analysis were done on separate cohorts of mice, which does not allow a direct correlation between the imaging and behavioural findings. Conclusions – This study represents a full investigation of Arid1b+/- haploinsufficiency throughout development and highlights the importance of examining both sexes throughout development in NDDs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".