Dissemination of Beauveria bassiana by Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) for Control of Tarnished Plant Bug (Hemiptera: Miridae) on Canola
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Large screened cages trials were conducted to assess the potential of honey bees, Apis mellifera L., to vector Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) to canola, Brassica napus L., against the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois). The bees effectively vectored the inoculum from the hives to the crop. Conidia of B. bassiana was recovered from 100, 64–77, 70–82, and 47–83% of bees, flowers, leaves, and L. lineolaris samples, respectively, collected on four sampling dates in 2002 and 2003. Mean mortalities of L. lineolaris collected from the Beauveria-treated cages in the field were 56 and 48% compared with 9 and 10% in the controls on the first and second sampling dates in 2002, respectively, and 22 and 45% in the treated cages in the field compared with 15 and 22% in the controls on the first and second sampling dates, respectively, in 2003. These results indicate that bees may provide a new novel means for applying B. bassiana to manage L. lineolaris on canola. The benefits are better pollination, reduction in pest pressure of L. lineolaris, and reduced reliance on insecticides.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".