Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to verify the prevalence of speech disorders in students of elementary school, to know what the teachers of these students think about the possible interferences of speech disorders in people's lives and what procedures are adopted when these disorders are identified. 523 students from first to fourth grades of a public school in the city of So Paulo took part in this work. A speech-language assessment was done to evaluate the students' speech articulation and some questions about their speech production were asked in order to verify the perception of these students as speakers. 28 teachers of these same students also took part in the research. They were requested to identify the students they thought that have speech disorders. These teachers also answered a questionnaire about what they thought about speech disorders, and what procedures they adopt when they identify the problem. This research showed that the number of speech disorders in these students is high and that speech distortions are predominant. The students' perception of their own possible speech problems is more accurate than the teachers' perception. The number of speech disorders identified by the speechlanguage assessment was greater than the number identified by the students and the teachers. All the teachers believe that speech disorders have a negative interference in people's lives and send their students to a speech-language pathologist.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".