Protecting Shallow Water Environment through Re-injecting Drilling Wastes Down Hole: A Proactive Management Decision
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Protecting Shallow Water Environment through Re-injecting Drilling Wastes Down Hole: A Proactive Management Decision Tzee Wan Lee; Tzee Wan Lee Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar M. Radzuan b Yusof; M. Radzuan b Yusof Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Rosli b Boni; Rosli b Boni Petronas Carigali Bahrain Ltd. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Shaharuddin Abdul Rahman Shaharuddin Abdul Rahman Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Paper presented at the SPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, March 2004. Paper Number: SPE-86727-MS https://doi.org/10.2118/86727-MS Published: March 29 2004 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Get Permissions Search Site Citation Lee, Tzee Wan, Radzuan b Yusof, M., b Boni, Rosli, and Shaharuddin Abdul Rahman. "Protecting Shallow Water Environment through Re-injecting Drilling Wastes Down Hole: A Proactive Management Decision." Paper presented at the SPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, March 2004. doi: https://doi.org/10.2118/86727-MS Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll ProceedingsSociety of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)SPE International Conference and Exhibition on Health, Safety, Environment, and Sustainability Search Advanced Search AbstractPetronas Carigali Bahrain Ltd (PCBL) drilled two exploration wells in the shallow water environment offshore Bahrain in 2003. In order to protect the rich and sensitive natural environment with commercial and scientific importance due to the presence of a number of unique and rare habitat types namely, seagrass beds and coral reefs, PCBL conducted an ecological baseline survey to collect information prior to conducting an Enviornmental Impact Assessment. The main source of potential impact was expected to come from the drilling wastes, normally discharge overboard. In view of the sensitive environments, PCBL made a proactive decision to slurrify and re-inject drilling wastes down-hole in order to reduce the volume of plume producing solid and liquid effluent discharged into the marine environment. The environmental benefit realized from the decision has far exceeded the cost installation and operation of the cuttings reinjection unit.IntroductionBahrain is an achipelago of 33 islands, with a total of 590km of varied and rich coastline consists of sensitive natural environment with major commercial and scientific importance due to the presence of a number of unique and rare habitat types namely, algae, seagrass and coral reefs. The name Bahrain has been derived from two Arabic words meaning 'two seas', which refers to the phenomena of sweet water springs under the sea that mingle with the salt water. Since Bahrain looks to its sea for many of its resources, the country takes extreme care to protect its marine life. The marine environment surrounding Bahrain is a precious resource that sustains the people of Bahrain and the life around them.PETRONAS Carigali Bahrain Ltd (PCBL) signed an Exploration Production Sharing Agreement with the Government of Bahrain to explore two blocks offshore Bahrain in 2002/2003. The blocks, namely. Block IV & Block VI, are situated off the eastern coast of Bahrain Island. Block IV is located in a reef area called Fasht Adhorn where fishing activities are high and Block VI is close to Hawar Islands, the last of the true wilderness. Figure 1 shows the location of the two blocks. Keywords: block iv, bahrain government, petronas carigali bahrain ltd, management decision, potential impact, acceptable level, discharge, spe 86727, drilling waste, seagrass Subjects: Drilling Fluids and Materials, Environment, Waste management This content is only available via PDF. 2004. Society of Petroleum Engineers You can access this article if you purchase or spend a download.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".