Therapeutic strategy to prevent acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: clinical guidelines of American College of Chest Physicians and Canadian Thoracic Society Guideline (Part 2)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. An acute exacerbation of COPD greatly contributes to worsening lung function, impairment in quality of life, need for urgent care, and use of medical utilities. Last decade, our understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of COPD has significantly improved. The guideline accumulated recent information about the prevention of acute exacerbations of COPD. Methods . The American College of Chest Physicians and Canadian Thoracic Society developed evidencebased guideline to describe the current knowledge on the prevention of acute exacerbations in a clinically useful manner. The PICO approach (population, intervention, comparator, and outcome) was used which involved nonpharmacologic therapies, inhaled therapies, and oral therapies. To select the most appropriate studies, to extract evidencebased data and to grade the level of evidence, evidencebased document assessment tools were applied. Results. The guideline was designed as a systematic review and critical evaluation of the published literature by clinical experts and researchers in the field of COPD and recommendations were developed to help clinicians in their management of the patient with COPD. Conclusion. This guideline provides an uptodate, rigorous, evidencebased analysis of current randomized controlled trials on the prevention of COPD exacerbations.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".