Bibliographic record
Abstract
Long-Term Performance of Multilaterals in Commingled Reservoirs Turhan Yildiz Turhan Yildiz Colorado School of Mines Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Paper presented at the SPE International Thermal Operations and Heavy Oil Symposium and International Horizontal Well Technology Conference, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, November 2002. Paper Number: SPE-78985-MS https://doi.org/10.2118/78985-MS Published: November 04 2002 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Get Permissions Search Site Citation Yildiz, Turhan. "Long-Term Performance of Multilaterals in Commingled Reservoirs." Paper presented at the SPE International Thermal Operations and Heavy Oil Symposium and International Horizontal Well Technology Conference, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, November 2002. doi: https://doi.org/10.2118/78985-MS Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll ProceedingsSociety of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)SPE International Thermal Operations and Heavy Oil Symposium Search Advanced Search AbstractIn this study, a comprehensive transient model was developed for multilateral wells producing from multiple formations separated by impervious streaks. Model is flexible and is capable of simulating the flow with any number of layers, unequal initial layer pressure, non-uniform petrophysical properties for each layer, and unequal layer size. Additionally, each lateral can have nonuniform formation damage and may be selectively completed.We investigated the long-term rate decline and cumulative recovery response of the multilateral wells connecting multiple isolated formations. Total flow rate, cumulative production, and fractional rate for each branch, are all compared for several completion scenarios and layer properties. Crossflow between the layers through the wellbore is also evaluated.IntroductionThere have been many studies on modeling the fluid flow into horizontal wells in single-layer reservoirs or layered reservoirs with interlayer crossflow. In recent years, several modeling work focused on the productivity of multilaterals in homogeneous formations. To the author's knowledge, literature provide only one single study on the performance of a trilateral well in a tree-layer commingled reservoir and a single research work on the pressure transient characteristics of multilaterals in layered formations with crossflow. In many field applications, several non-communicating formations may be commingled only through a single undulating horizontal well or several sidetrack laterals emanating from a common pilot hole. The literature lacks a comprehensive investigation of the long-term performance of multilaterals commingling several isolated formations.BackgroundPerformance of vertical wells producing from commingled reservoirs has been the subject of many studies in the literature.1–4 However, most of the studies have focused on the transient pressure response of the commingled systems.1–3 Johnston and Lee4 investigated the flow rate and cumulative production responses of low-permeability layers commingled through a vertical well.Inflow performance of single horizontal lateral has been examined in details by many investigators.5–12 Some studies consider only horizontal openholes.5–7 The effects of well completion schemes, such as partial penetration, undulation, perforating, and openhole gravel packing, on horizontal well performance have been discussed in Refs. 8–12.In recent years, multibranched wells have been proposed to improve hydrocarbon recovery and to accelerate the production. Performance of horizontal wells with multiple laterals has been considered in several modeling studies.13–18 Refs. 17–21 have reported the field applications of the multilaterals. Almost all the previous work on multilaterals addressed the issues related to production from a single formation or layered formations with interlayer crossflow. Among the previous studies, Vo and Madden17 analyzed the production from a trilateral well commingling three isolated layers in Dos Cuadras field in offshore California.Inflow Performance Model for Multilaterals in Commingled ReservoirsThe physical model considered in the study is given in Figs. 1 and 2. The commingled multi-layer system considers an arbitrary number of isolated layers with different petrophysical properties and initial pressure. Impervious layers separate the reservoirs from each other. It is assumed that there is only one lateral in each layer. All the laterals drilled into different layers may emanate from a common pilot hole, as depicted in Fig. 1. The model considers only the fluid flow in the reservoirs. Fluid flow inside the laterals is not accounted for. Therefore, the model could also simulate the transient flow if an undulating horizontal lateral crosses several isolated layers, as shown in Fig. 2. Keywords: spe petroleum society, permeability layer, formation damage, completion, high permeability layer, wellbore pressure, upstream oil & gas, cumulative production response, directional drilling, selective completion Subjects: Drilling Operations, Formation Evaluation & Management, Directional drilling This content is only available via PDF. 2002. SPE ITOHOS/ICHWT Conference You can access this article if you purchase or spend a download.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".