Quinze ans de jurisprudence de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme sur la traite des êtres humains : de l’affaire Siliadin c. France à l’arrêt de Grande Chambre S.M. c. Croatie
Bibliographic record
Abstract
La Cour européenne des droits de l’homme a interprété l’article 4 de la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme et reconnu une violation de celui-ci depuis une quinzaine d’années. Elle a notamment élargi le champ matériel de cette disposition pour y inclure la traite des êtres humains. Or, elle n’a pas proposé une lecture claire des différentes situations incluses à ce libellé, soit l’esclavage, la servitude, le travail forcé, ainsi que la traite des êtres humains. L’arrêt de Grande Chambre prononcé le 25 juin 2020 a certes offert plusieurs précisions, mais n’a pas totalement dissipé la confusion qui règne entre les problématiques énoncées. Cette contribution offre un bilan de la jurisprudence relative à la violation de l’article 4 et un premier regard sur les conclusions récentes de la Grande Chambre.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.018 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".