Mainland Chinese Outbound Tourism to Europe: Recent Progress
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tourism .......................................................................................................162 9.5 Conclusion: Potentials and Future Expectations .........................................164 References .............................................................................................................165Outbound tourism has been developed as a nonexotic activity for Chinese citizens through the years. It was not encouraged during the time of Mao; however, this started to change by the time of China’s “reform and opening” policy, led by Deng Xiaoping in 1978, as the country began its transformation as a key global player. Economic prosperity and social stability brought the possibility of recreational activities, first within China and, second, across its borders. With the inclusion of the United States on the Approved Destination Status (ADS) list in 2007 and Canada in 2010, the majority of tourism attractions worldwide are now authorized for Chinese outbound tourists. Furthermore, the ease of visa procedures and increased air connectivity have been favorable for the development of Chinese outbound tourism worldwide.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it