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Advanced LIGO
J. Aasi, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, M. R. Abernathy, K. Ackley, C. Adams, T. Adams, P. Addesso, R. X. Adhikari, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, A. Ain, P Ajith, A. Alemic, B. Allen, D. Amariutei, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, K. Arai, M. C. Araya, C. C. Arceneaux, J. S. Areeda, G. Ashton, S. Ast, S. M. Aston, P. Aufmuth, C. Aulbert, B. E. Aylott, P. T. Baker, S. W. Ballmer, J. C. Barayoga, M. Barbet, S. Barclay, B. C. Barish, D. Barker, B. Barr, L. Barsotti, J. Bartlett, M. A. Barton, I. Bartos, R. Bassiri, J. C. Batch, C. Baune, B. Behnke, A. S. Bell, C. Bell, M. Benacquista, J. Bergman, G. Bergmann, C. P. L. Berry, J. Betzwieser, S. Bhagwat, R. Bhandare, I. A. Bilenko, G. Billingsley, J. Birch, Sébastien Biscans, C. Biwer, J. K. Blackburn, Lindy Blackburn, C. D. Blair, D. G. Blair, O. Bock, T. P. Bodiya, P. Bojtos, C. Bond, R. Bork, M. Born, S. Bose, P. R. Brady, V. B. Braginsky, J. Brau, D. O. Bridges, M. Brinkmann, A. F. Brooks, D. Brown, N. M. Brown, Saps Buchman, A. Buikema, A. Buonanno, L. Cadonati, J. Calderón Bustillo, J. B. Camp, K. C. Cannon, J. Cao, C. D. Capano, S. Caride, S. Caudill, M. Cavaglià, C. Cepeda, R. Chakraborty, T. Chalermsongsak, S. J. Chamberlin, S. Chao, P. Charlton, Y Chen, H S Cho, M Cho, J. H. Chow, N. Christensen, Q. Chu, S. Chung, G. Ciani, F. Clara, J. A. Clark, Christophe Collette, L. Cominsky, M. Constancio, D. Cook, T. R. Corbitt, Neil J. Cornish, A. Corsi, C. A. Costa, M. W. Coughlin, S. T. Countryman, P. Couvares, D. M. Coward, M. J. Cowart, D. C. Coyne, R. Coyne, K. Craig, J. D. E. Creighton, J. Cripe, S. G. Crowder, A. Cumming, L. Cunningham, Curt Cutler, K. Dahl, T. Dal Canton, M. Damjanic, S. L. Danilishin, K. Danzmann, L. P. Dartez, I. Dave, H. Daveloza, G. S. Davies, E. J. Daw, D. DeBra, W. Del Pozzo, T. Denker, T. Dent, V. Dergachev, R. T. DeRosa, R. DeSalvo, S. Dhurandhar, M D ́ıaz, I. Di Palma, G. Dojcinoski, E. Dominguez, F. Donovan, K. L. Dooley, S. Doravari, R. Douglas, T. P. Downes, J. C. Driggers, Zhihui Du, S. E. Dwyer, T. Eberle, T. Edo, M. C. Edwards, A. Effler, H.‐B. Eggenstein, P. Ehrens, J. Eichholz, S. S. Eikenberry, R. C. Essick, T. Etzel, M. Evans, T. Evans, M. Factourovich, S. Fairhurst, X. Fan, Q. Fang, B. Farr, Will M. Farr, M. Favata, M. Fays, H. Fehrmann, M. M. Fejer, D. Feldbaum, E. C. Ferreira, R. P. Fisher, Z. Frei, A. Freise, R. Frey, T. T. Fricke, P. Fritschel, В. В. Фролов, S. Fuentes-Tapia, P. Fulda, M. Fyffe, J. R. Gair, S. G. Gaonkar, N. Gehrels, L. Gergely, J. A. Giaime, K. D. Giardina, J. Gleason, E. Goetz, L. Gondán, G. González, Neil Gordon, M. L. Gorodetsky, S. E. Gossan, S. Goßler, Christian Gräf, P. B. Graff, A. Grant, S. Gras, C. Gray, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, A. M. Gretarsson, H. Grote, S. Grünewald, C. Guido, X. Guo, K. Gushwa, E. K. Gustafson, R. Gustafson, J. Hacker, E. D. Hall, G. Hammond, M. M. Hanke, J. Hanks, C. Hanna, M. D. Hannam, J. Hanson, T. Hardwick, I. W. Harry, M. J. Hart, M. T. Hartman, K. Haughian, S. Hee, M. 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McWilliams, G. D. Meadors, M. Meinders, A. Melatos, G. Mendell, R. A. Mercer, S. Meshkov, C. Messenger, P. M. Meyers, H. Miao, H. Middleton, Е. Е. Михайлов, A. L. Miller, J. M. Mïller, M. Millhouse, J. Ming, S. Mirshekari, C. Mishra, S. Mitra, O. Miyakawa, G. Mitselmakher, R. Mittleman, B. Moe, Soumya D. Mohanty, S. R. P. Mohapatra, B. C. Moore, D. Moraru, G. Moreno, S. R. Morriss, K. Mossavi, C. M. Mow–Lowry, C. Mueller, G. Mueller, Suvodip Mukherjee, A. Mullavey, J. Münch, D. Murphy, P. G. Murray, A. Mytidis, T. Nash, R. K. Nayak, V. Necula, K. Nedkova, G. Newton, T. Nguyen, A. B. Nielsen, S. Nissanke, A. Nitz, D. Nolting, M. E. N. Normandin, L. K. Nuttall, E. Ochsner, J. O’Dell, E. Oelker, G. H. Ogin, J. J. Oh, S. H. Oh, F. Ohme, P. Oppermann, Richard J. Oram, B. O’Reilly, W. Ortega, R. O’Shaughnessy, C. Osthelder, C. D. Ott, D. J. Ottaway, R. S. Ottens, H. Overmier, B. J. Owen, A. Pai, S. A. Pai, Oleg Palashov, A. Pal‐Singh, H. Pan, C. Pankow, F. Pannarale, B. C. Pant, M. A. Papa, H. Paris, Z. Patrick, M. Pedraza, L. Pekowsky, A. Pele, A. Perreca, M. Phelps, V. Pierro, I. M. Pinto, M. Pitkin, J. Poeld, A. Post, A. K. Poteomkin, J. Powell, J. Prasad, V. Predoi, S. Premachandra, T. Prestegard, L. R. Price, M. Principe, S. Privitera, R. Prix, L. Prokhorov, O. Puncken, M. Pürrer, J. Qin, V. Quetschke, E. A. Quintero, G. Quiroga, R. Quitzow-James, F. J. Raab, D. S. Rabeling, H. Radkins, P. Raffai, S. Raja, G Rajalakshmi, M. Rakhmanov, K. Ramirez, V. Raymond, C. M. Reed, S. Reid, D. H. Reitze, Oscar Reula, K. Riles, N. A. Robertson, R. Robie, J. G. Rollins, V. J. Roma, R. Romano, G. Romanov, J. H. Romie, S. Rowan, A. Rüdiger, K. Ryan, S. Sachdev, T. Sadecki, L. Sadeghian, M. Saleem, F. Salemi, L. Sammut, V. Sandberg, J. R. Sanders, V. Sannibale, I. Santiago-Prieto, B. S. Sathyaprakash, P. R. Saulson, R. L. Savage, A. Sawadsky, Jacob Scheuer, R. Schilling, P. Schmidt, R. Schnabel, R. M. S. Schofield, E. Schreiber, D. Schuette, B. F. Schutz, J. Scott, S. M. Scott, D. Sellers, A. S. Sengupta, A. M. Sergeev, G. Serna, A. Sêvigny, D. A. Shaddock, M. S. Shahriar, M. Shaltev, Zili Shao, B. Shapiro, P. Shawhan, D. H. Shoemaker, T. L. Sidery, X. Siemens, D. Sigg, A D Silva, D. Simakov, A. Singer, L. Singer, R. Singh, A. M. Sintes, B. J. J. Slagmolen, J. R. Smith, M. Smith, R. J. E. Smith, N. D. Smith-Lefebvre, E. J. Son, B. Sorazu, T. Souradeep, A. Staley, J. Stebbins, M. Steinke, J. Steinlechner, S. Steinlechner, D. Steinmeyer, B. C. Stephens, S. Steplewski, S. P. Stevenson, R. Stone, K. A. Strain, S. Strigin, R. Sturani, A. L. Stuver, T. Z. Summerscales, P. J. Sutton, M. Szczepanczyk, G. Szeifert, D. Talukder, D. B. Tanner, M. Tápai, S. P. Tarabrin, A. Taracchini, R. Taylor, G. Tellez, T. Theeg, M. P. Thirugnanasambandam, Michael Thomas, P. Thomas, K. A. Thorne, K. S. Thorne, E. Thrane, V. Tiwari, C. Tomlinson, C. Torres, G. Traylor, M. Tse, D. Tshilumba, D. Ugolini, A. L. Urban, S. A. Usman, H. Vahlbruch, G. Vajente, G. Valdes, M. 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Bibliographic record
VenueClassical and Quantum Gravity · 2015
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicPulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
Canadian institutionsCanadian Institute for Theoretical AstrophysicsUniversity of Toronto
FundersGovern de les Illes BalearsIstituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareMinistero dello Sviluppo EconomicoNational Research Foundation of KoreaLeverhulme TrustHungarian Scientific Research FundIndustry CanadaNational Aeronautics and Space AdministrationScottish Funding CouncilScottish Universities Physics AllianceCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research, IndiaScience and Technology Facilities CouncilNational Research FoundationAlfred P. Sloan FoundationMinisterio de Economía y CompetitividadNational Science Foundation
KeywordsLIGOPhysicsInterferometryGravitational waveSensitivity (control systems)Michelson interferometerOpticsGravitational-wave observatoryLaserDetectorFrequency bandAstrophysicsElectronic engineeringTelecommunicationsComputer scienceBandwidth (computing)Engineering
Abstract
The Advanced LIGO gravitational wave detectors are second-generation instruments designed and built for the two LIGO observatories in Hanford, WA and Livingston, LA, USA. The two instruments are identical in design, and are specialized versions of a Michelson interferometer with 4 km long arms. As in Initial LIGO, Fabry–Perot cavities are used in the arms to increase the interaction time with a gravitational wave, and power recycling is used to increase the effective laser power. Signal recycling has been added in Advanced LIGO to improve the frequency response. In the most sensitive frequency region around 100 Hz, the design strain sensitivity is a factor of 10 better than Initial LIGO. In addition, the low frequency end of the sensitivity band is moved from 40 Hz down to 10 Hz. All interferometer components have been replaced with improved technologies to achieve this sensitivity gain. Much better seismic isolation and test mass suspensions are responsible for the gains at lower frequencies. Higher laser power, larger test masses and improved mirror coatings lead to the improved sensitivity at mid and high frequencies. Data collecting runs with these new instruments are planned to begin in mid-2015.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.007
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.004
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.049
Threshold uncertainty score0.163
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.049 | 0.035 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.028
GPT teacher head0.341
Teacher spread0.313 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations3,389
Published2015
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes