Sixth International Limnogeology Congress: field trip guidebook, Reno, Nevada, June 15-19, 2015
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Limnogeology is the study of modern lakes and lake deposits in the geologic record.Limnogeologists have been active since the 1800s, but interest in Limnogeology became prevalent in the early 1990s when it became clear that lake deposits contain continental environmental and climate records.A society that is focused on Limnogeology would allow greater communication and access to research on these important subjects and contribute to providing sound science used to understand rapid global changes in our modern world; thus the International Association of Limnogeology was founded in 1995 at the first International Limnogeology Congress (ILIC) held in Copenhagen, Denmark.The Sixth International Limnogeology Congress (ILIC6) was held in Reno, Nevada, from June 15-19, 2015.The ILIC meetings have been held every 4 years since the first meeting in1995 and were subsequently convened in Brest, France (1999), Tucson, USA (2003), Barcelona, Spain (2007), and Konstanz, Germany (2011).The Congress in Reno, USA marks the second time the Congress has been held in the United States and more than 150 scientists from every part of the world participated.The field trips by USGS authors in this Field Trip Guidebook were peer reviewed and approved for publication by the U.S. Geological Survey.Field trips submitted by non-USGS authors did not go through the formal USGS peer review and approval process, and therefore may not adhere to our editorial standards or stratigraphic nomenclature and is not research conducted or data collected by the USGS.However, all field trips had at a minimum one peer review, and all field trips were edited for consistency of appearance in the published Field Trip Guidebook As part of the Congress, ILIC6 included pre-and post-Congress field trips, the descriptions of which are included as separate trips in this Open-File Report.Trip 1 provides information on the pluvial and post-glacial Lakes of the eastern Great Basin, led by Paul Jewell, University of Utah, Ben Laabs, State University of New York-Geneseo, Jeff Munroe, Middlebury College, and Jack Oviatt, Kansas State University.Trip 2 contains information on the lake sequences of closed-basin lakes in the Eocene Green River Formation in Wyoming, led by Michael Smith, Northern Arizona University and Jennifer Scott, Mount Royal University.Trip 3 provides the background for the field trip to Pleistocene and modern lakes in the Great Basin of North America that was led by Susan Zimmerman, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Ken Adams, Desert Research Institute, and Michael Rosen, U.S. Geological Survey.Trip 4 contains the information for a trip to the modern lakes in Lassen National Park that was led by Paula Noble and Kerry Howard, both from the University of Nevada, Reno.Not included in this report are two short (1 day or less) field trips that were more informal than the longer preand post-Congress trips.These trips were a (1) mid-Congress half-day field trip to Lake Tahoe, led by Sudeep Chandra, University of Nevada, Reno, and Alan Heyvaert, Desert Research Institute, that illustrated the water resource issues that prevent degradation of the lake and provide potable water to inhabitants, invasive species concerns, and the limnogeologic history of the lake, and (2) a post-Congress 1-day field trip to Pyramid Lake, led by Brian Wadsworth, Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe, Ken Adams, and Alan Heyvaert that gave participants information on the water resource issues with the lake, Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribal history and culture, and the limnogeology of the lake.The U.S. Geological Survey has sponsored each ILIC that has been held in the United States because of the importance of understanding paleoclimate and contaminant histories of lakes, two main themes of the Congress.This field trip guide provides a permanent record of some of the wide variety of studies that are being conducted in modern lakes and ancient lake deposits in western North America, and it provides a starting point for any one desiring to visit these exceptional sites or begin work in these areas.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.589 | 0.465 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".