Inputs and processes affecting the distribution of particulate iron in the North Atlantic along the GEOVIDE (GEOTRACES GA01) section
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract. The GEOVIDE cruise (May–June 2014, R/V Pourquoi Pas?) aimed to provide a better understanding on trace metal biogeochemical cycles in the North Atlantic. As particles play a key role in the global biogeochemical cycle of trace elements in the ocean, we discuss the distribution of particulate iron (PFe), in light of particulate aluminium (PAl), manganese (PMn) and phosphorus (PP) distributions. Overall, 32 full vertical profiles were collected for trace metal analyses, representing more than 500 samples. This resolution provides a solid basis for assessing concentration distributions, elemental ratios, size-fractionation, or adsorptive scavenging processes in key areas of the thermohaline circulation. Total particulate iron (PFe) concentrations ranged from as low as 9 pmol L−1 in surface Labrador Sea waters to 304 nmol L−1 near the Iberian margin, while median PFe concentrations of 1.15 nmol L−1 were measured over the sub-euphotic ocean interior. At most stations over the Western, the relative concentrations of total PFe and aluminium (PAl) showed the near-ubiquitous influence of crustal particles in the water column. Overall, the lithogenic component explained more than 87 % of PFe variance along the section. Within the Irminger and Labrador basins, the formation of biogenic particles led to an increase of the PFe / PAl ratio (up to 0.7 mol mol−1) compared to the continental crust ratio (0.21 mol mol−1), Margins provide important quantities of particulate trace elements (up to 10 nmol L−1 of PFe) to the open ocean, and in the case of the Iberian margin, advection of PFe was visible more than 250 km away from the margin. Additionally, several benthic nepheloid layers spreading over 200m above the seafloor were encountered along the transect, especially in the Icelandic, Irminger and Labrador basins, delivering particles with high PFe content, up to 89 nmol L−1 of PFe. Finally, remineralisation processes are also discussed, and showed different patterns among basins and elements.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".