Index

Citation (2019), "Index", Haack, P., Sieweke, J. and Wessel, L. (Ed.) Microfoundations of Institutions (Research in the Sociology of Organizations, Vol. 65A), Emerald Publishing Limited, Bingley, pp. 291-300. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X2019000065A028 Publisher: Emerald Publishing Limited Copyright © 2020 Emerald Publishing Limited INDEX Note: Page numbers followed by “n” with numbers indicate notes. Abandonment, 270, 282–283 Action, 155 collective, 122–123 domains of institutional, 44, 57–61 formation mechanism, 23 micro-levels, 44, 69 situated, 19 Activism-resistant adopters, 277 Actor, 156 reflexivity, 142 Administrative domain, 58 legitimation in, 50–51, 56 Adoption decisions, 277 Ambiguous gatekeepers, market intermediaries as, 77, 79 Analogical reasoning, 76, 78 Analytical foundation for multi-level approach, 44 Animal Liberation, 182 Animal rights, 178, 182 highly disruptive issues of, 185 Anti-war movement, 123 Argumentation, competitive process of, 60 Artifacts to institutions, 228 technologies, 225–226, 232n2 Attributes, 79, 102–103, 237 Bacchus Canada, 51 Bankers, 139–140 “Bathtub” model, 22–23, 25 Bayesian algorithm, 200–201 Beer-brewing shops, 46 Behavioral microfoundations, 123 Behavioral perspective, 14, 18–20, 120 Beliefs, 121 “Black box” of institutions, 28 Bottom-up process, 106, 120–121 Boundary conditions and extensions, 78–80 Bourdieu’s practice theory, 13, 139 Brew on Premises Association of Ontario (BOPAO), 49–50, 52 British Columbia (BC), 46, 55 legitimation in administrative domain, 56 legitimation in legal domain, 55 legitimation in other provinces, 56–57 legitimation in public domain, 55–56 U-brew category legitimation in, 55–57 Buffering complexity, 103, 109–110 Building blocks of institutions artifacts to institutions, 228 institutionalization, 219–224 institutions, 219–224 personal culture to institutions, 227 refurbished object account of institutions, 224–227 specifying objects clarifying process accounts, 229–230 specifying objects clarifying state accounts, 228–229 specifying objects helps to discover new object/process links, 230–231 Business model of law firm, 258–259 Canadian Home Wine and Trade Association (CHWTA), 52, 56–57 Cannabis legalization movement, 123 Category, 68-69, 77–79 emergence, 44 legitimacy, 45–46 Chambers and Partners, 260–261 Chief human resource officer (CHRO), 90–91 Christian Right movement, 125 Cognition, 114–115, 121, 241, 243 Cognitive Anthropology, 156 Cognitive complexity exploring antecedents and development of, 115 high differentiation and high integration, 107–109 high differentiation and low integration, 109–110 low differentiation and low integration, 110–112 and responses to multiple logics, 106 Cognitive differentiation and integration, 102–104 Cognitive generalization of events, 138 Cognitive loading, 147 Cognitive perspective, 14–17, 120 Cognitive structural perspective on institutional complexity, 101 external environment representations, 102–104 self-representations, 104–106 Cognitive templates, 222 Collective action, 122–123 challenges of, 51–52 Collective belief attribution, 218 Collective identity, 122–123, 125 comparison of movement phases, 125 lifestyle movements, 126–131 social movements and identity, 122–126 Communication, 17, 183 Communicative perspective, 14, 17–18, 120 Compartmentalization, 109–110 Compensation disparity, 258, 261 Competition, 72, 74–76 Compliance, 279 Computational methods, 18 Conceptions of microfoundations of institutions, 14–15, 20 “microfoundations as agency” argument, 20–21 “microfoundations as levels” argument, 21–22 “microfoundations as mechanisms” argument, 22–23 Conceptual combination, 76 Conceptualization, 120, 156 Configurations of microfoundational research, 24 Conformity, 278–284 Congruence to field-wide consensus, 207 Contentious politics, 121 Contested sensemaking, 183, 187–188 Contingency theory’s implicit model, 271 Cross-level effects in legitimation process, 60–62 Cross-sectional research designs, 29, 210 Cultural consensus theory (CCT), 199–201 approach to microfoundations, 201–202 ECO, 210–211 expanding microfoundational research with, 211 micro-level instantiations, 198–199 microfoundational variables, 212 microfoundations of ECO agency, 203–210 questionnaire content, 211–212 sample frame and macro-level of analysis, 211 stage of institutionalization, 212 Cultural-cognitive based institutionalization, 199 beliefs, 222 dimension, 218 elements, 120, 201, 222 flavor, 223 structures, 137 Cultural/culture, 138, 218, 224–225, 229, 232n3 competence, 200 congruence, 200 consensus, 201 expertise, 200 institutions, 137 knowledge, 155–156 material, 157 ontology, 224 processes, 218 symbols, 138, 143 truth, 201 Customization, 270, 280–281 Decision-making models, 271–272 Declarative memory in human brain, 138 Decoupling, 85–86, 110, 138–139, 270, 278–280 experts and, 87–88 HR generalist, 92–94 life-world, realities, and relevances, 88–90 methodology, 90–91 subjective experience, 86 Deinstitutionalization, 252, 264–265 Discourses, 52–53, 68 Discretionary ethics practices, 207 Discursive competition, 52–55 Discursive consciousness, 136, 138–140 Dispositions, 139–140 Domains of institutional action, 44, 57–61 Dominant field-level logic, 240 Dual internalization of institutions, 137–141 Durable disposition, 139 “Durkheimian” approach, 220 Embeddedness, 229 Embodied metaphors, 143–144 “Embodiment” of praxis, 139 Embracing complexity, 103, 107–109 Emotions, 114–115, 241 emotion-laden events, 181 involvement, 179 “Enlightened shareholder” logic, 108 Equity partnerships, 253, 257 Ethics and Compliance officers (ECOs), 203, 280 microfoundations of agency, 203–210 Ethics and Compliance Officers Association (ECOA), 203 Ethnography, 147 Ethnomethodology, 12, 270 Evaluation, 69, 77–78 Event history database, 48 “Everyday transcending” realities, 89 Experiments, 31–32 designs, 147–148 research on legitimacy, 46 studies, 147 Expert intermediaries, 69–71, 77, 79 category distinctions, 71 sense out of novelty, 71–72 Expertise, 69, 72–73 Experts, 85–86 and decoupling, 87–88 knowledge structures, 71 External environment representations, 102–104 Externalization theory, 220 Fact-based sensebreaking, 183 Fairness discourse, 51–52 Federal tax agency, 49–50 Ferment-on-Premise shops (FOP shops), 44, 46 “Ferment-on-premises” shops, 44 Fiscal discourse of tax revenue maximization, 53 Flow metaphor, 23 Formal rules, 86–87 Formalization, 122–123 Fragmented core self, 105 Framing, 121 French gastronomy, study of, 126 “Fruits of yoga”, 158, 163, 168n4 “Garbage can” model, 20 Gay rights movement, 125 Gender balanced firms, 263 Gender diversity, 259, 261 German reunification, ramifications of, 32 GLBT pastors, 154 Habitualization, 221, 223, 229 Herds and cascades among economists, 274–275 Hermeneutic interpretation, 96n2 Heterogeneity in adoption motivation, 16 High self-pluralism and high self-unity, 107–111 High self-pluralism and low self-unity, 108–111 Highly disruptive issues, 178 contribution to microfoundations of institutions, 189–191 contribution to sensemaking, 191 data analysis, 183 data collection, 183 institutional entrepreneurs, 181–182 limitations and boundary conditions, 191–192 methods, 181 research context, 182 sensemaking of highly disruptive issues, 185 sensemaking of institutions and emotions role, 180–181 sensemaking scholars, 178–179 HIV-positive constituents, 125–126 Hobby Brewers and Vintners Association (HBVA), 55 Hospitality Industry Coalition, 55–56 HR generalist, 92–94 Human capital, 256 Human resource management (HRM), 86 knowledge, 87 Hysteresis, 145 “Ideational” paradigm, 14 Identity, 72–74, 119–126, 156, 168n1, 235–236, 245 control theory, 86, 94 foundational and early literature in institutions, 237–238 maintenance, 16 within microfoundations of institutions, 236–237 movements, 121, 124–126 multiple theories at play, 243–244 SIT dominates, 238–241 social constructivist identity turn begins, 241–243 theory, 69 threat risk, 79 Identity work, 156–157, 159–160, 242 institutional meanings representations at individual level, 160–161 tracing process as institutional work, 161–165 Imposed relevances, 89 Incremental institutional change, 142 Individual characteristics and institutional change, 257–260 Individual-level characteristics, 100 measurement, 6 Ineffective sensemaking, 183, 188–190 Informational conformity, 28, 272–275, 280 empirical analyses, 276–278 in institutional theory and research, 275–278 theoretical arguments, 275–276 Inhabited institutionalism, 13 Institutional change, 44, 77–78, 136, 252, 263 analysis, 178 contribution to institutional theory, 263 data collection, 260 and discursive consciousness, 141–143 empirical setting and hypotheses in context, 256 individual and organizational characteristics and institutional change, 257–260 institutional theory, 251–252 integrative framework, 141 law firms, 256–257 limitations and future research, 263 microfoundations and, 253–256 and practical consciousness, 143–146 results, 261–263 unpacking relationship between cognition and, 137–146 variable definition, 261 Institutional complexity, 100 cognitive complexity and responses to multiple logics, 106–112 cognitive structural perspective on, 101–106 experimental investigation of micro-level institutional processes, 114 exploring antecedents and development of cognitive complexity, 115 extending notion of self-pluralism, 113–114 implications for future research, 113–115 interplay between cognition and emotions, 114–115 Institutional theory, 11, 17, 180, 218, 220, 224, 237, 245, 251 alternative model, 272 contingency to, 271–272 contribution to, 263 foundational works, 270 microfoundations agenda in, 252 normative and informational conformity in, 275–278 research in, 68 Institutional/institutions, 120, 219, 252 analytical procedures, 158 artifacts to, 228 competition, 50 contestation, 142–143 data collection, 158 effects, 221 entrepreneurs, 4–5, 142, 178–179 entrepreneurship, 20, 142 evolution, 143–145 fields and modes of consciousness, 140–141 foundational and early literature in, 237–238 generations, 144 grounded in dispositions, 140 identity within microfoundations of, 236–237 identity work, 160–165 at individual level, 153–157 institutional meanings at individual level, 172–176 logics, 20, 100, 126, 154, 199 meanings, 153–154, 156, 160–161 microfoundations, 4 modification, 141–142 object approaches, 221–223 object-neutral account of, 223–224 objects, 229 personal culture to, 227 pressure, 16 process approaches, 220–221 refurbished object account of, 224–227 revolution, 145–146 state approaches, 220 terminology, 27 widening scope to explore yoga as facet of individuals’ self-identity, 159–160 work, 20 yoga as institutional context, 157–158 yogic meanings comparison, 159 Institutionalization, 23, 122–123, 154, 183, 218–219, 224–225, 227 artifacts and material technologies, 225–226 object approaches, 221–223 object-neutral account of institutions, 223–224 practices and organizational routines, 227 process approaches, 220–221 of rules, 95 rules and semiotic codes, 226 sayings and vocabularies in fields, 226–227 stage of, 212 state approaches, 220 Instrumental movements, 124 Intellectually pluralistic approach, 243 Intense negative emotions, 181 Internalization of institutions, 138–139 Internet-mediated communication, 182 Interpretive research, 88 Interpretive yogic schemes, 160 Intrinsic relevances, 89 Intrinsic value, 182 Israeli Yoga Teachers Association, 157 Jeppersonian process theory, 222 Judging, 185–186 Juris Doctor (J.D.) degree, 207 Knowledge, 89, 199 cultural, 155–156 explicit form of, 155 generalized, 138 Language games, 17 Law firms, 256–257 Layered ontology, 25 Layering, 185–186 Legal domain, 58–60 legitimation in, 49–50, 55 Legitimacy theory, 44 Legitimation, 29 in administrative domain, 50–51, 56 in legal domain, 49–50, 55 in other provinces, 56–57 in public domain, 55–56 “Levels of analysis”, 21–22 Leverage, 253, 261 LGBT, 237, 242 Life stories, 156, 168n2 Life-world, 88–90, 94 Lifestyle institutions, 124 Lifestyle movements, 121, 126, 132n1 dynamics, 128–131 in New York Times, 127 references to specific, 128 Liquor License Act, 52 Liquor License Board of Ontario (LLBO), 49 Logical mode, 155 Logics, 3–4 Long-term incentive plans (LTIPs), 279 Low coherence in institutional infrastructure, 140–141 Low self-pluralism and high self-unity, 108–110, 112 Macro-levels, 25, 136 Macro-studies, 88 Macrofoundations, 5, 27 of institutions, 14 Market intermediaries, 68–69 as ambiguous gatekeepers, 77, 79 boundary conditions and extensions, 78–80 competition, 74–76 evolution of category systems, and institutional change, 77–78 as experts, 69–72, 77 identity, 72–74 Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia (MSLO), 128–131 Material technologies, 225–226 Materiality, 228 Mature category systems, 79 Meaning-based sensebreaking, 183 Mechanism-based theorizing, parsimonious model of, 23 Meso level processes, 25, 45 Method specialists, 33 Methodological individualism, 88 Micro-levels, 25–26, 136 actions, 44, 69 factors influencing field-wide cultural congruence, 209 factors influencing subcultural congruence, 209 institutional process investigation, 114 processes, 198 Microfoundations, 4–5, 69 CCT approach to, 201–202 conceptions, 14–15, 20–23 configurations of microfoundational research, 24 congruence to field-wide consensus, 207 congruence to subgroup consensus, 207 control variables, 208 of ECO agency, 203–204 experiments, 31–32 growing popularity of, 12 identity within, 236 and institutional change, 253–256 of institutional theory, 3, 6 of institutions, 11–12, 14–15, 189–191 legal educational and professional background, 207–208 levels of analysis, 24–26 loadings and subculture mean scores for eco intersubjective beliefs, 206 methods, 205, 207 mixed methods, 29–30 movement, 11, 180 multi-level analysis, 30–31 needs, 26–27 organization’s implementation of discretionary ethics practices, 207 perspectives on microfoundations, 15–20 processes, 120 research, 120 results for consensus content, 208 results for micro-level factors, 209–210 studying, 5–6, 28–33 survey design and sample, 205 theory and hypotheses, 204–205 time for retooling, 32–33 variables, 212 “Microfoundations as agency” argument, 13, 15, 20–21 “Microfoundations as levels” argument, 13, 15, 21–22 “Microfoundations as mechanisms” argument, 13, 15, 22–23 Mid-life crisis, 13 Mixed methods, 29–30 framework for discourse analysis, 18 Moral legitimacy formation, 18 Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD), 51, 123 Movement organizers, 122 Multi-level analysis, 30–31 Multi-level perspective of decoupling, 25 Multi-level theory of institutional contestation category legitimacy, 45–46 cross-level effects in legitimation process, 60–62 data analysis, 48 data collection, 47 domains of institutional action, 57–60 findings, 48–57 historical background, 48 micro in organizational research, 45 research design, 46–47 U-brew category legitimation, 49–57 Multimodal texts, 183, 190 Multiple theories at play, 243–244 Narration, 143 Narratives, 48 Natural experiments, 31–32 Negative emotions, 184, 186, 191 Negotiation, 110–111 Neo-institutional theory (NIT), 3–4, 85, 87, 135, 154, 178 microfoundation, 137 New microfoundations of institutions, 21 New social movements, 124–125 “New-to-institutions” methodologies, 6 Non-contentual disposition, 139 Non-declarative memory, 139 Non-equity partnership, 253, 256, 258 Nonprofessional intermediaries, 74 Nonprofitable firms, 258, 262 Normative conformity, 28, 272–275 empirical analyses, 276–278 in institutional theory and research, 275–278 theoretical arguments, 275–276 Normative isomorphism, 275–276 Norms, 121 Novel complexity, 100 Novel institutional complexity, 102, 112 Novice intermediaries, 70–71 Object approaches, 221–223, 225 Object theory, 222 Object-neutral account of institutions, 223–224 Objectification, 221, 223, 230 Occupy Wall Street movement, 123 “Omnibus” conception of culture, 218 Ontario, U-brew category legitimation in, 49 in administrative domain, 50–51 challenges of collective action, 51–52 discursive competition, 52–55 emergence of opposition, 49 institutional discourses, 53 in legal domain, 49–50 in public domain, 51 validations of discourses, 54 Oppositional identities, 122 Organizational behavior (OB), 240 Organizational decision-making, 270 conformity and post-adoption behaviors, 278–284 contingency to institutional theory, 271–272 methodological considerations, 283–284 normative vs. informational conformity, 272–278 Organizational/organizations, 87, 89 categories, 45 characteristics and institutional change, 257–260 climate research, 30–31 innovations, 280 institutionalism, 34n1 level, 89 routines, 227, 232n1 scholars, 68 success, 87 theory, 245 Outside experts, 87 “Paradigmatic” mode, 155 Paradox of embedded agency, 20, 136 Parliamentary Information and Research Service (PIRS), 47 Partnership, 256, 260 People for Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), 179, 182–183, 185 Performance, 125 Performance-adverse mentality, 90 Personal culture, 226 to institutions, 227 Phenomenological lens, 86, 94–95 Phenomenology, 94, 270 Pluralism, 199 Popular excitement, 122 Positive emotions, 184, 186 Positive engaged sensemaking, 179, 183, 185–187, 189 sensegiving account, 185–186 sensemaking mechanisms, 186–187 Positive evaluations, 259 Positive superficial sensemaking, 183, 187 Post-adoption behaviors, 278–284 Power, 19–20 Practical consciousness, 136–137, 139–140 Practices, 218 practice-driven institutionalism, 19 theory, 86 Process approaches, 220–221 Process theory, 221, 223–224 Professional intermediaries, 74 Professional service firms, 265 Profitability, 257-258 Psychology of mental structures, 15 Psychology theory, 244 research in social psychology, 273–274 Public domain, 58 legitimation in, 51, 55–56 Quest for legitimacy, 276 Real-time decisions, 147 Reality, 86, 88–90 Recycling programs, 276 Reflexible knowledge, 138 Refurbished object account of institutions, 224–227 Regression discontinuity designs, 32 Regulation 58/00, 52 Repurchase agreements, 279 Reputation, 259, 261 Retention, 282–283 Rigid core self, 105 Role identity, 16, 121 Same-sex partner benefits, 277 Sanctioning behavior, 69 Scandinavian institutionalism, 13 “Schemas”, 222 Schematic disposition, 139 Scientific inquiry with intellectual fatalism, 27 Sedimentation, 223 Selective coupling, 108 Self-identity, 154–157 construction, 17 Self-pluralism, 104–106 extending notion of, 113–114 Self-representations, 104–106 Self-unity, 104–106 Selfhood, 155 Seminal concepts in institutional theory, 25–26 Semiotic codes, 226 Sensebreaking, 180 Sensebridging, 183–184, 186, 190–191 Sensegiving, 143 accounts, 16 of highly disruptive issues, 180–181, 184 Sensemaking, 16, 86, 178–179 for highly disruptive issues, 184–185 contested, 187–188 ineffective, 188–189 of institutions and emotions role, 180–181 positive engaged, 185–187 positive superficial, 187 scholars, 178–179 Shared characteristic, 124 Shared constructs, 31 “Shareholder value maximization” logic, 108 Single theory of identity, 244 Situated action, 19 Situational compliance, 111 Situational frames, 19 Situational mechanism, 22–23, 120 Social conformity research in social psychology, 273–274 construction, 223 constructivism, 242 evaluations, 259 ferment, 122 hazard discourse, 53 identity, 241–242 mechanisms, 44 movement theory, 237 movements, 121–126 process, 178 psychological processes, 5 psychologists, 274 situations, 19 world, 89 Social constructivist, 244 approach, 243 identity, 241–243 Social identity theory (SIT), 236, 238–241, 246n2 Socialization, 138 Socially constructed knowledge, 201 Socio-scientific hermeneutics, 91 Speech acts, 17 Standard research strategies, 29 State approaches, 220, 227 Strategic human resources, 258–259 Structural interactionist, 244 Structuration theory, 244 Structure hypothesis, 91–92 Struggling with complexity, 103, 110–112 Subcultural congruence, 209 Subjectively centered life-world, 88 Symbolic interactionism, 13 Taken-for-grantedness, 16, 18, 136–138, 160, 199, 223 Tax revenue maximization, fiscal discourse of, 53 Taxonomic approach, 26 Theorization, 143 identities, 154–155 institutionalization, 218 Theory-method co-evolution, 32 Thomas theorem, 89 Time fixed-effects, 261 Time for retooling, 32–33 Top-down process, 120 Toronto Board of Health, 51 Total quality management (TQM), 281 Tracing process of identity work, 161 depth, 161–163 importance, 163 point of entrance, 163–164 volume, 164–165 Trade association websites, 48 Transformational mechanisms, 23, 31, 120–121 Trust production, 5 in US Congress, 6 U-brew category legitimation in BC, 55–57 in Ontario, 49–55 U-brews, 44 shops, 46–47 U-vint shops, 46–47 Uncertainty, 259 Validity beliefs, 46 Values, 121 Vegetarianism, 127–128 Verbalizable knowledge, 138 Viewer engagement, 183 Vocabularies, 218 Web of Science, 12, 246n2 Women’s movement, 178 Written law, 58–60 Yoga, 160 as institutional context, 157–158 widening scope to explore yoga as facet of individuals’ self-identity, 159–160 yogic interpretive schemes, 158 yogic meanings assimilation into one’s self-concept, 160–165 YouTube, 179, 182, 190 Book Chapters Prelims Section 1: Prologue What are MicroFoundations? Why and How to Study Them? Section 2: Introduction Microfoundations and Multi-Level Research on Institutions Section 3: Cognitive Perspective on Microfoundations Chapter 1: Toward a Multi-Level Theory of Institutional Contestation: Exploring Category Legitimation Across Domains of Institutional Action Chapter 2: When Do Market Intermediaries Sanction Categorical Deviation? The Role of Expertise, Identity, and Competition Chapter 3: “The HR Generalist is Dead”: A Phenomenological Perspective on Decoupling Chapter 4: Why Do Individuals Perceive and Respond to the Same Institutional Demands Differently? On the Cognitive Structural Underpinnings of Institutional Complexity Chapter 5: The Generativity of Collective Identity: Identity Movements as Mechanisms for New Institutions Chapter 6: Embodied and Reflexive Agency in Institutional Fields: An Integrative Neo-Institutional Perspective of Institutional Change Chapter 7: How Do Institutions Take Root at the Individual Level? Chapter 8: Sensegiving and Sensemaking of Highly Disruptive Issues: Animal Rights Experienced Through PETA YouTube Videos Chapter 9: Connecting the Tree to the the Microfoundations of Institutions with Cultural Theory Chapter the and the and Artifacts as the Building of Institutions Chapter Identity within the Microfoundations of A Chapter of Institutional Change in the Structure of Law Chapter of and Institutional Organizational

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