Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Pro.vi.den'ci.a. M.L. fem. n. Providencia Providencia, named after the city of Providence, Rhode Island, U.S.A. Straight rods , 0.6–0.8 × 1.5–2.5 µm, conforming to the general definition of the family Enterobacteriaceae . Gram negative. Motile by peritrichous flagella. They are facultatively anaerobic , chemoorganotrophic, having both a respiratory and a fermentative type metabolism . Optimal growth temperature is 37°C. Oxidatively deaminate phenylalanine and tryptophan. Acid is produced from D ‐mannose. All except Providencia rustigianii produce acid from one or more of the following polyhydric alcohols : inositol, D ‐mannitol, adonitol, D ‐arabitol, and erythritol. Except for Providencia heimbachae all are indole positive. Tartrate (Jordan) is utilized by all but a few strains of P. heimbachae . Simmons citrate is utilized by all species except P. heimbachae and some strains of P. rustigianii . Isolated from diarrhetic stools, urinary tract infections, wounds, burns, bacteremias, and contaminated environmental sources. DNA relatedness tests have shown that Providencia are more closely related to Proteus vulgaris and Proteus mirabilis than to other members of the family Enterobacteriaceae . Although 16S RNA sequence data are not available for the Providencia species, the close relationship of Providencia to Proteus indicates that Providencia , like Proteus , belongs to the Gammaproteobacteria within the family Enterobacteriaceae . The mol % G + C of the DNA is : 39–42 (Falkow et al., 1962). Type species : Providencia alcalifaciens (de Salles Gomes 1944) Ewing 1962, 96 ( Eberthella alcalifaciens de Salles Gomes 1944, 183; Proteus inconstans (Ornstein 1921) Shaw and Clarke 1955, 155.) Taxonomic and Nomenclature Notes According to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN), the taxonomic status of the genus Providencia is: correct name (last update, February 2025) * . LPSN classification: Bacteria / Pseudomonadati / Pseudomonadota / Gammaproteobacteria / Enterobacterales / Morganellaceae / Providencia The genus Providencia can also be recovered in the Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB) as g__Providencia (version v220) ** . GTDB classification: d__Bacteria / p__Pseudomonadota / c__Gammaproteobacteria / o__Enterobacterales / f__Enterobacteriaceae / g__Providencia * Meier‐Kolthoff et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 ,
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.138 | 0.082 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".