Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ethan G. Lewis of Dartmouth College reviews “The Economics of Immigration: Theory and Policy” by Orn B. Bodvarsson and Hendrik Vanden Berg. The EconLit Abstract of the reviewed work begins “Textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students presents an expository survey and assessment of the literature on international migration. Discusses an introduction to immigration economics; the determinants of international migration--theory; why people immigrate--the evidence; who immigrates--theory and evidence; the effects of immigration on the destination economy--the theory; how immigration impacts the destination economy--the evidence; estimating immigration’s impact--accounting for all adjustments; immigration and the source country; economic growth and immigration; temporary immigration, involuntary immigration, and other variations on the standard model; unauthorized immigration; Hispanic immigration to the United States; immigration policy in the United States; immigration policy in Canada; and immigration policy in Europe. Bodvarsson is with the Department of Economics at St. Cloud State University. Van den Berg is with the Department of Economics at the University of Nebraska. No index.”
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".