Ultimate Limit State Assessment of the M.V. Derbyshire Hull Structure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Capesize bulk carrier, M.V. Derbyshire, sank in the North West Pacific during typhoon Orchid in September 1980 when she was on a voyage from Canada to Japan carrying fine iron ore concentrates. Since then, extensive investigations of the vessel sinking have previously been made in the literature primarily by the formal safety assessment technique to explore the loss causes, but serious speculation on the failure of hull structures has been lacking in such investigations. The present paper investigates the possibility of the vessel sinking initiated by the failure of hull structures rather than by other loss scenarios, such as hatch cover failure subsequent to water ingress into the cargo holds. Ultimate limit state assessments of individual stiffened panels and hulls of the M.V. Derbyshire under extreme bending moments during the last voyage in storm are made using ALPS/ULSAP and ALPS/HULL computer programs. It is concluded that the M.V. Derbyshire could have sunk by hull girder collapse with or even without unintended water ingress into cargo holds. Important insights and findings developed from the present study are summarized.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".