Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary We summarize our results on multi-epoch VLBI observations of SN 1979C in the galaxy M100 in Virgo, and of SN 1986 in the galaxy NGC 891. From t = 3.7 to 22 yr after the explosion, SN 1979C expands ∝ t m , almost freely, with m = 0.95 ± 0.03. For a total kinetic energy of 3 × 10 51 erg, the expansion result requires a mass-loss to wind-velocity ratio for the progenitor of only 1 × 10 −5 M ⊙ yr −1 per 10 km s −1 , an order of magnitude smaller than estimated from radio light-curve fitting. We show a first image with slightly discernible structure of the supernova. For SN 1986J we present five images from 1987 to 2002 and show our result on moderately to strongly decelerated expansion with m = 0.71 ± 0.11. We comment on our result of an inversion of the radio spectrum in terms of the emergence of a possible pulsar nebula.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".