Are clinical measures of cervical flexor endurance, divided attention and dynamic visual acuity different in elite youth ice hockey players who report a previous history of concussion compared to those who do not?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To evaluate differences in baseline measures of cervical flexor endurance (CFE), walking while talking (WWTT) and computerised dynamic visual acuity (cDVA) in elite youth ice hockey players who do and do not report a previous history of concussion. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Community ice rinks and sport medicine clinic in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Participants 532 Bantam (12–14 years) and Midget (15–17 years) ice hockey players. Assessment of Risk Factors: Previous history of concussion was reported on a preseason demographic questionnaire. Main Outcome Measurements 458 players completed preseason tests of CFE, WWTT and cDVA (2011/12 hockey season). Results Multivariate linear regression, adjusted for cluster, age group and sex was used to estimate mean differences in clinical measurement scores by concussion history (yes/no). There was no evidence of a difference in CFE score or cDVA scores at 85° per second. The mean time to complete WWTT complex compared to self-selected walking speed in midget females reporting a previous concussion was 3.10 s higher (95% CI 1.40 to 4.79) than in midget females not reporting a previous concussion. Players with previous concussion had significantly lower cDVA score at 120° per second than players without a previous concussion [cDVAleft=−0.033 logMAR (95% CI −0.064 to −0.0019); Bantam players cDVAright=−0.062 logMAR (95% CI −0.12 to −0.004). Conclusions Tasks of divided attention decreased mean self-selected walking speed more in midget femaless with a previous history of concussion compared to those without. Computerised dynamic visual acuity at 120° per second was lower in players with a previous history of concussion. Acknowledgements The University of Calgary Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre is one of the International Research Centres for Prevention of Injury and Protection of Athlete Health supported by the International Olympic Committee. We acknowledge the support of Alberta Innovates Health Solutions, the Alberta Children's Hospital Institute for Child and Maternal Health (Alberta Children's Hospital Foundation), and Talisman Energy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".