Translating Sympathy by the Letter: Henry Mackenzie, Sophie de Condorcet, and Adam Smith
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Henry Mackenzie's Julia de Roubigné and Sophie de Condorcet's French translation and informal critique of Adam Smith's Theory of Moral Sentiments revise Smith's sympathy through formal manipulations of epistolary address and perspective. In the preface to Mackenzie's novel, translation serves as a figure for disavowing authorship and collides with an instance of dialogue transformed into soliloquy. I identify this transformation as the novel's defining practice of epistolarity and argue that Julia de Roubigné specifies the impact that Smith's theory of sympathy has on the history of the novel. A similar epistolary practice shapes Condorcet's Lettres sur la sympathie, and her translation challenges both the figurative nature and familial basis of Smith's version of sympathy. Mackenzie's novel and Condorcet's works of translation and philosophy signal the specifically formal aspects of the broad cultural revision, in Britain and France, of Smith's theory of sympathy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".