Interactions in the mucosal microenvironment: vasoactive intestinal peptide modulates the down-regulatory action of<i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i>on LPS-induced interleukin-8 production by intestinal epithelial cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) act as a key point of initial contact with bacteria in the microenvironment of the intestinal tract. Interactions between IECs and bacteria lead to alterations in IEC activity, including modified cytokine secretion patterns, which may influence the mucosal immune response. IECs respond to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from gram-negative bacteria by production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-8 (IL-8). Two strains of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, R0011 and R0049, were able to down-regulate LPS-induced IL-8 production by the human IEC line HT-29. Similar results were seen with KATO III gastric epithelial cells, suggesting a possible route for anti-inflammatory actions by L. rhamnosus. To further explore potential interactions in the gastrointestinal mucosal microenvironment, the effects of the neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on the actions of L. rhamnosus R0011 were examined. VIP blocked the ability of this strain to down-regulate both constitutive and LPS-induced IL-8 production, suggesting that interactions between lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and IECs can be influenced by neuropeptides released into intestinal tissues. High levels of protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC) activation rendered IEC refractory to the down-regulatory effects of L. rhamnosus on IL-8 production. L. rhamnosus R0011 induces moderate elevation of intracellular cAMP levels, indicating that its actions may, at least in part, be mediated through this signalling pathway in IECs.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".