Strategies for Limiting Gas Evolution in Li-Ion Batteries Applied to the Energy Storage System
Bibliographic record
Abstract
One of the promising approaches for limiting climate changes is to use alternatives and greener sources of energy (wind, solar, etc.). However, the production of electricity from these sources is fluctuant and needs a solution for storage thus, the advent of energy storage for wind power, solar plant, etc., requires a new generation of batteries in order to optimize the use of these alternative sources of energy. To do so, the development of a battery with a high rate of charging and discharging, a longer cycle life and safe is imperative. Esstalion Technologies was a joint-venture between Hydro-Québec and Sony Corp. (Murata) for the development of energy storage systems. Our division (Battery Materials Research) was dedicated on the elaboration of new materials for enhancing the cycle life, the safety and the performances of the Li-ion batteries. We devoted our efforts to develop LFP-LTO batteries; this presentation will highlight our strategies to limit the gas evolution in a battery; two strategies will be presented, the use of an additive in the cell for limiting the degradation of the electrolyte and the protection of the surface of the active inorganic particles by a hydrophobic polymeric coating before the production of the electrode. Formation of a solid-electrolyte-interface (SEI) during the operation of the battery is the most applicable for partially preventing degradation. Recently, we reported on the use of polymers as a protective layer; the thin film is in situ polymerized on the anode during cell operations or grafted on the surface of particles before manufacturing as electrodes. We demonstrated the efficient use of in situ Ring Opening Polymerization (ROP) of propylene carbonate for creating a protective film on the anode surface. By this method, we reduced gas evolution in the cell without increased of internal resistance. Moreover, two methods to graft polymers on particles (LTO) were applied with success for preventing degradation of LFP-LTO cells. Because battery environments are aggressive (HF formation, pH = 2), we developed a new robust method for grafting hydrophobic polymers on active particles (LTO) by Williamson Ether Synthesis, which is compatible with the manufacturing of electrodes, and prevents significant cell degradation over extensive cycling. These methods are valuable for large production because it is inexpensive and easy to scale-up. They are able to limit the degradation of the battery by increasing the capacity retention and stabilizing the resistance of the electrode with the accelerated aging.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".