Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter explores citizens' engagement in politics. Indeed, politics was the single largest preoccupation of the male autobiographers: more than one-quarter of the male writers reported having been involved in some form of political movement or organisation. The movements they joined were almost exclusively on the left of the political spectrum and as such they promoted not only social mobility for the specific individuals who joined them but also the collective interests of working people as a whole. They were thus part of a larger transition that occurred between the 1860s and 1930s, which saw the wrangling of political power out of the hands of the social elites who had traditionally claimed it as their special prerogative. This marked a permanent break from the old regime with working men both claiming and starting to exercise a right to participate in the nation's political machinery. But though this development involved a shift in the balance of power between social classes, like all elements of Britain's cultural and economic life during this period, this transition was gendered in nature. Power was tilting towards working-class men, but working-class women remained firmly on the fringes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.062 | 0.044 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".