Canada's climate diplomacy will outstrip domestic push
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Significance As part of the 2015 Paris Agreement, Canada has committed to a national target of 30% reductions in carbon emissions from 2005 levels by 2030. However, figures released in April show Canada's emissions were down just 0.7% in 2015 from the previous year, amounting to an overshoot of 200 million tonnes compared with the pledged reduction. Phasing out coal power plants in Alberta and elsewhere and adopting stricter methane regulations will help achieve targets, but this may be offset by new oil sands development. Impacts The New Democratic Party government in Alberta may be caught between a conservative coalition at home and Greens in British Columbia. New natural gas plants may come online in Ontario if the Progressive Conservatives defeat Kathleen Wynne's Liberals next year. Closure of coal-fired power plants in Canada will contribute to a dwindling of export markets for US coal producers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.016 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.091 | 0.010 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".