Involvement of calcineurin in ischemic myocardial damage
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Calcineurin (CaN) has been reported as a critical mediator for cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac myocyte apoptosis. Ischemia is associated with multiple alterations in the extracellular and intracellular signaling of cardiomyocytes and may act as an inducer of apoptosis. Rat ischemic heart showed significant increase in CaN activity. In ischemic-reperfused hearts, the expression of CaN A was significantly low and immunoreactivity was observed in proteolytic bands of 46 kDa. Immunohistochemical studies showed strong staining of immunoreactivity in rat hearts that had undergone 30 minutes of ischemia followed by 30 minutes of reperfusion, similar to that found in human ischemic heart. To elucidate the mechanism of proteolysis of CaN A in ischemic-reperfused rat heart, in vitro proteolysis of bovine cardiac CaN by m -calpain was carried out. In the presence of Ca 2+ , the 60−kDa subunit (CaN A) was degraded to a 46-kDa immunoreactive fragment, whereas in the presence of Ca 2+ /CaM, immunoreactive fragments of 48 and 54 kDa were observed. Calpains are Ca 2+ -dependent cysteine proteases that regulate various enzymes, transcription factors, and structural proteins through limited proteolysis. The increase in CaN activity and strong immunostaining observed in ischemic-reperfused rat heart may be due to the calpain-mediated proteolysis of this CaM-dependent phosphatase. These studies remain an important area of in-depth investigation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".