Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this focus feature, we offer three perspectives on the recent Supreme Court of Canada judgments in R v Mabior and R v DC, which attempted to clarify when a person living with HIV will be subject to criminal liability for failing to disclose this condition prior to engaging in sexual intercourse. Martha Shaffer argues that the Court missed an opportunity to reconsider the test for sexual fraud it had laid out in its 1998 decision in R v Cuerrier, a test that, since its inception, has proven difficult to apply. Isabel Grant argues that the Court has over-criminalized HIV non-disclosure through treating all cases where there is a realistic possibility of transmission as aggravated sexual assault regardless of whether transmission of the virus takes place. Alison Symington notes that the Court’s punitive approach is out of step with recent scientific and medical advancements with respect to HIV transmission and treatment and that, while the Court set out a risk-based test, it did not appropriately weigh the evidence regarding the risk of HIV transmission. These three perspectives demonstrate that the criminalization of HIV non-disclosure in Canada remains deeply problematic.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.361 | 0.165 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".