Luteinizing Hormone to Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Ratio Significantly Correlates With Androgen Level and Manifestations Are More Frequent With Hyperandrogenemia in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Altered luteinizing hormone to follicle-stimulating hormone (LH-FSH) ratio and hyperandrogenism are two important pathophysiological characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of LH-FSH ratio with androgen in women with PCOS. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 550 newly detected reproductive aged women with PCOS (mean ± standard deviation (SD): age 23.14 ± 4.80 years; body mass index (BMI) 27.64 ± 5.34 kg/m 2 ) according to revised Rotterdam criteria. Relevant clinical history, physical examination and ultrasonogram of ovaries were done for each participant. Fasting serum LH, FSH and total testosterone (TT) were measured by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay from blood collected during follicular phase of menstrual cycle. Results: More than two-thirds (n = 389, about 71%) had altered LH-FSH ratio (cut-off > 1.0) and about 43% (n = 234) had hyperandrogenemia (TT > 46 ng/dL). Frequency of none of the clinical variables or ovarian morphology differed statistically between the groups with or without altered LH-FSH ratio (NS for all). Serum TT and LH-FSH ratio were positively correlated (r = 0.139, P = 0.001). However, menstrual irregularity (P = 0.002), polycystic ovaries (P = 0.045), diabetes mellitus (P = 0.017), obesity (P = 0.009) and hirsutism (P < 0.001) were higher in frequency in the hyperandrogenic group. Serum TT had predictive association with altered LH-FSH ratio (odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)): 1.09 (1.02 - 1.16), P = 0.02) and LH-FSH had predictive association with hyperandrogenemia (OR (95% CI): 1.15 (1.03 - 1.28), P = 0.02) in women with PCOS. Conclusions: Serum LH-FSH ratio and androgenemia significantly correlate in women with PCOS. However, manifestations are more frequent with hyperandrogenemia rather than altered LH-FSH ratio. J Endocrinol Metab. 2021;11(1):14-21 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jem716
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".