Development of an Integrated Approach to the Risk Analysis of a Blow-out Accident
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Development of a Integrated Approach to the Risk Analysis of a Blow-out Accident Paola Blotto; Paola Blotto ENI - Exploration & Production Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Michele Bonuccelli; Michele Bonuccelli TEA Group Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Gianni Morale; Gianni Morale TEA Group Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Edoardo Dellarole; Edoardo Dellarole TEA Group Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Mariano Falcitelli; Mariano Falcitelli TEA Group Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Fabrizio Podenzani Fabrizio Podenzani ENI Tecnologie Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Paper presented at the SPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, March 2004. Paper Number: SPE-86704-MS https://doi.org/10.2118/86704-MS Published: March 29 2004 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Get Permissions Search Site Citation Blotto, Paola, Bonuccelli, Michele, Morale, Gianni, Dellarole, Edoardo, Falcitelli, Mariano, and Fabrizio Podenzani. "Development of a Integrated Approach to the Risk Analysis of a Blow-out Accident." Paper presented at the SPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, March 2004. doi: https://doi.org/10.2118/86704-MS Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll ProceedingsSociety of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)SPE International Conference and Exhibition on Health, Safety, Environment, and Sustainability Search Advanced Search AbstractThe uncontrolled eruption of a well is one of the most critical accidents that can occur both during exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbon fields. Significant HSE issues are associated to this event that introduces safety risks for the field operators, potential health injury for the population living in the area and impacts, mainly associated to the hydrocarbon contamination, on the environment.This paper describes a methodology, developed by ENI E&P in the framework of a specific R&D project, permitting the complete analysis of the phenomenology associated to the blow-out event. The procedure, implemented in a PC user friendly software supplies all the information necessary for the complete characterization of the accident from a HSE point of view. In particular, the following data can be derived from the methods:release characterization;not ignited jet characterization;not ignited toxic and flammable gas and oil dispersion characterization;ignited jet characterization;dynamic killing design.The above set of data is calculated making use of a constellation of models simulating the various physical phenomena characterizing the blow-out event. Part of these models have been developed in the framework of the R&D project being relevant to phenomena (e.g. oil atomization, two-phase jet, two-phase combustion) not sufficiently treated in the literature. In some cases literature/commercial models have been selected after a State of the Art study. All the models included in the procedure have been validated both with experimental and/or numerical (CFD) data.The methodology is presently successfully applied in most of the ENI E&P developments.In the paper the description of the methodology structure and models is reported with validation results and some application scenarios.IntroductionThe availability of validated predictive tools for application during an accident scenario is essential. Their use should not be restricted to design activities. They generate vital information on the evolution of an accident and can be readily applied to optimise the emergency response.One potentially major accident event that is associated with the exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbon fields is an uncontrolled release of formation fluid from the reservoir e.g. a blow-out (See Figure 1).When a blow-out event occours, it is essential to implement a contingency plan as quickly as possible to minimise the potential damage, particularly for onshore wells where the oil and gas is dispersed into the atmosphere and over the land and can have an impact also on people.To improve the evaluation of the safety and environmental consequences of a blow-out the ENI - E&P Division commissioned a multi-disciplinary R&D project. This project utilises technical and scientific support from Eni Technologie, TEA Sistemi and ENI DATA companies.Due to the wide range of knowledge and expertise required by this project (e.g. safety, reservoir, drilling, completion and well fluid dynamic, discharge phenomena, not-ignited/ignited jet characterization and atmospheric dispersion) it proved necessary to "integrate" the various disciplines to ensure a good quality of project deliverables.The key features of the developed methodology are described in the following sections. Keywords: production monitoring, evaporation, calpuff, information, production control, jet model, scenario, blowout event, contamination map, simulation Subjects: Pressure Management, Well & Reservoir Surveillance and Monitoring, Well control This content is only available via PDF. 2004. Society of Petroleum Engineers You can access this article if you purchase or spend a download.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.016 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".