Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper investigates large, plastic deflections of a square plate due to impact on calm water. Most research in the area has examined linear elastic structural responses to such impact, but hydrodynamic responses during large, plastic deformations of engineering structures remain under-explored. A setup for an experimental drop test was designed for this purpose with equal emphasis on the hydrodynamical and structural mechanical aspects. Dual cameras were used to monitor the deforming plate from above during impact, and its deformation was tracked using a three-dimensional digital image correlation technique. The complex hydrodynamics of the impact were captured using a high-speed camera from below. The experimental results for flat impact showed a large air pocket under the deforming plate. The material properties of the plate were documented through separate tests. Hydroelastic theories were offered to account for large deformations and validated against the experimental results. Analytical hydroplastic theory shows that the maximum deflection is approximately equal to the velocity of impact times the square root of the ratio of the added mass to the plastic membrane capacity of the plate. An important source of error between the theory and the experiments was the effect of deceleration of the drop rig on deflection of the plate. This error was estimated using direct force integration and Wagner’s theory.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.182 | 0.433 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".