Examining the Integration of Borrowed Nouns in Immigrant Speech: The Case of Canadian Greek
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The chapter examines borrowing and integration of nouns in the language spoken by Greek immigrants in Canada, where English is the donor language and Greek the recipient. It deals with the questions whether the typological distance between the English and the Greek, where the former is analytic and the latter fusional is an inhibitor for borrowing and whether the types of integration can be attributed to specific properties of the languages in contact. It argues that phonological, morphological and semantic factors are at work throughout the process of adopting and integrating English nouns, but morphological constraints have the most prominent role. More specifically, it shows the mandatory alignment to the fundamental Greek properties of inflection and gender assignment, which caters for the accommodation of loan nouns in Canadian Greek by assigning them specific gender values, and an unequivocal preference for particular inflection classes, the ones most productively used in Greek. The data are drawn from both written and oral sources, the latter being recorded interviews with spontaneous Greek immigrant speech from the provinces of Québec, Ontario, Alberta and British Columbia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".