High-Frequency Radar Ocean Surface Cross Section Incorporating a Dual-Frequency Platform Motion Model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The first- and second-order high-frequency radar cross sections of the ocean surface are derived for an antenna on a floating platform. In this analysis, simulations are conducted for a more complicated platform motion than appear in earlier work and comparisons are made to model outputs for a fixed antenna. Results show that motion-induced peaks appear symmetrically in the Doppler frequency and have less energy in the second-order radar cross section than those in the first-order radar cross section. The magnitude and width of the Bragg peaks are seen to decrease and broaden, respectively, as compared to the case for a fixed antenna. The platform motion modulates the radar signals as a frequency modulator, and the modulation indices are related to the amplitudes of the platform motion. With a larger amplitude of platform motion, more energy is transferred from the Bragg peaks to the motion-induced peaks, and more motion-induced peaks need to be considered.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".