Analysis of Completion and Stimulation Techniques in a South Texas Field Utilizing Comprehensive Reservoir Evaluation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Analysis of Completion and Stimulation Techniques in a South Texas Field Utilizing Comprehensive Reservoir Evaluation Sam D. Larkin; Sam D. Larkin ConocoPhillips Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Howard Matthew Pickrel; Howard Matthew Pickrel ConocoPhillips Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Michael G. Lattibeaudiere; Michael G. Lattibeaudiere ConocoPhillips Co Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Srinagesh K. Marti; Srinagesh K. Marti Schlumberger Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar William Keith Atwood; William Keith Atwood Schlumberger Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Bobby Poe Bobby Poe Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Paper presented at the SPE Production Operations Symposium, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, April 2005. Paper Number: SPE-93996-MS https://doi.org/10.2118/93996-MS Published: April 16 2005 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Get Permissions Search Site Citation Larkin, Sam D., Pickrel, Howard Matthew, Lattibeaudiere, Michael G., Marti, Srinagesh K., Atwood, William Keith, and Bobby Poe. "Analysis of Completion and Stimulation Techniques in a South Texas Field Utilizing Comprehensive Reservoir Evaluation." Paper presented at the SPE Production Operations Symposium, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, April 2005. doi: https://doi.org/10.2118/93996-MS Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll ProceedingsSociety of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)SPE Oklahoma City Oil and Gas Symposium / Production and Operations Symposium Search Advanced Search AbstractThis paper will evaluate the efficiencies of completion methods in a South Texas field utilizing the latest techniques in post fracture production analysis.Stimulation effectiveness for each frac stage in ten multi-zone wells is evaluated.Effective values for reservoir and fracture parameters including porosity, permeability, propped fracture half-length, fracture conductivity and fracture face skin will be derived using production analysis techniques and will be compared for the different completion methods employed.The holistic model will incorporate the geological, petro-physical properties of the formation and production logging data.Actual stimulation and production data from ten wells in the same area are used in this analysis. Five of the wells were completed in single-stage fracture stimulation across multiple perforated intervals.Five wells were completed with two-stage fracture stimulations across multiple perforated intervals.The multiple layer fracturing technique was utilized in all wells. The study will derive the effective reservoir and fracture parameters using production allocation for each interval in the multiple interval wells.This paper will compare the different completion techniques using this methodology and will discuss a predictive model for future stimulation work in this area.This methodology will also help in identifying under-stimulated zones in existing wells that may be candidates for re-fracturing.IntroductionThe wells included in the study are part of the Wilcox Lobo Trend located in Zapata County in South Texas.The Wilcox (Lobo) trend in Webb and Zapata counties is a series of geopressured, low permeability sands with an average depth from 5,000 to 12,000 ft (1,525 to 3,660 m).The Lobo section consists of a sequence of stacked Paleocene age sands and shales overlain by the Lower Wilcox shale of Eocene Age.Extensive faulting, present in the Lobo section, has resulted in a slump complex of rotated fault blocks.The Lobo trend extends from Webb and Zapata counties to the south and west into Mexico (Figure 1).Effective permeabilities are less than 0.1 md.Implementing an effective hydraulic fracture treatment and an evaluation process for stimulation effectiveness are requirements to economically produce the low permeability sands in the Lobo trend.The wells presented here are nearby offset wells in the Lobo field (Figure 2). These wells were completed in 2003.The target intervals in these wells are primarily three zones.All the wells were fractured with similar fracturing fluids, intermediate strength proppants and aggressive breaker schedules utilizing multiple layer fracturing techniques.BackgroundExtensive work has been conducted around fracture treatment design and evaluation of wells with multiple zones with most of the work focused on the use of limited entry techniques to effectively place proppant across multiple zones [1,2,3,4].The limited entry technique utilizes perforation friction to divert designed fluid and proppant volumes into multiple zones.This method is utilized when the economics do not justify multiple stages or when multiple stages cannot be placed effectively[5].This technique has been successfully implemented in the Lobo field in numerous wells.The success comes from applying the formation evaluation and log analysis into a fracture modeling process, and from the use of limited entry design guidelines [6,7].Tracer surveys and production logs were obtained after numerous stimulation treatments to develop these guidelines.However, tracer surveys provide an estimate of the fracture height and production logs provide contributions from each zone in a snapshot of time. Keywords: production analysis, effective permeability, reservoir, spe 93996, proppant concentration, model 1, post production analysis, fracturing materials, fracture parameter, flow in porous media Subjects: Hydraulic Fracturing, Reservoir Fluid Dynamics, Fracturing materials (fluids, proppant), Flow in porous media This content is only available via PDF. 2005. Society of Petroleum Engineers You can access this article if you purchase or spend a download.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
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