Neurovascular Uncoupling In Schizophrenia: A Bimodal Meta-Analysis of Brain Perfusion and Glucose Metabolism
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The use ofmodern neuroimaging approaches has demonstrated resting-state regional cerebralblood flow (rCBF) to be tightly coupled to resting cerebral glucose metabolism(rCMRglu) in healthy brains. In schizophrenia, several lines of evidence point towardsaberrant neurovascular coupling, especially in the prefrontal regions. To investigatethis, we used Signed Differential Mapping to undertake a voxel-based bimodal metaanalysisexamining the relationship between rCBF and rCMRglu in schizophrenia, asmeasured by Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) and 18Flurodeoxyglucose Positron EmissionTomography (FDG-PET) respectively. We used 19 studies comprised of data from 557patients and 584 controls. Our results suggest that several key regions implicated in thepathophysiology of schizophrenia such as the frontoinsular cortex, dorsal ACC,putamen, and temporal pole show conjoint metabolic and perfusion abnormalities inpatients. In contrast, discordance between metabolism and perfusion were seen insuperior frontal gyrus and cerebellum, indicating that factors contributing toneurovascular uncoupling (e.g. inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidativestress) are likely operates at these loci. Hybrid ASL-PET studies focusing on theseregions could confirm our proposition.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.014 | 0.016 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.020 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".